SENĆOŦEN: A Grammar of the Saanich Language Main Menu Contents Preface Acknowledgments PART 1 Introduction The organization of this grammar The Place of SENĆOŦEN in the Salishan Language Family Basics of the SENĆOŦEN word Useful phrases PART 2 The SENĆOŦEN Alphabet and Sounds Consonants Vowels and Diphthongs Notes on Pronunciation PART 3 SENĆOŦEN Grammatical Patterns 1 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs 2 Past and Future Tense 3 Basic Speech Acts 4 Nouns and Articles 5 Possessive Pronouns 6 Adjectives 7 Basic Word Order 8 The Preposition 9 Serial Verbs 10 Auxiliaries 11 Conjunction: ‘And/with’ and ‘but/without’ 12 No and Not 13 Self and Each Other 14 More Negative Words 15 Questions: ‘Who?,’ ‘What?,’ ‘Someone,’ ‘Something’ 16 Questions: ‘Do what?,’ ‘Say what?,’ and ‘Which one?’ 17 Subordinate Subjects in Questions 18 Questions: ‘Whose?’ 19 Every, All, Any, and Some 20 Comparison 21 Questions: ‘When?’ 22 Numbers 23 Time Expressions 24 Time Prefixes 25 Questions: ‘Where?’ 26 Location Expressions 27 Paths 28 Questions: ‘How?’ and ‘How much?’ 29 Adverbial Expressions 30 Conditional Clauses 31 Should, Must, Ought to, Want to 32 Object Pronouns 33 Passive 34 Strong, Weak, and Zero Stems 35 Participant Roles and Middle Voice 36 Recipient, Beneficiary, and Other Participants 37 Lexical Suffixes 38 Questions: ‘Why?’ 39 Because 40 Cause 41 Collective Plural 42 The Actual Aspect 43 State, Result, and Duration 44 Activity Suffixes 45 Reflexive, Inchoative, and Noncontrol Middle 46 Ȼ Clauses 47 Relative Clauses 48 Speech Act Modifiers 49 Possessed Verbs 50 Summary of Particles with Ȼ 51 So Then ... 52 Reporting Verbs and Direct Quotes 53 Indirect Quotes 54 Verbal Prefixes 55 Nominalizing Prefixes 56 Adverbial Prefixes 57 More Demonstrative Articles 58 Objects of Intent and Emotion 59 More Reduplication Patterns 60 Interjections 61 Politeness Expressions 62 Rare Prefixes and Suffixes 63 A Fully Annotated Text 64 Texts to Annotate Appendix A: Technical Description of SENĆOŦEN Sounds Appendix B: SENĆOŦEN Pronouns Appendix C: Demonstrative Articles Appendix D: SENĆOŦEN Kin Terms Appendix E: Index to Technical Linguistic Topics Appendix F: Vocabulary Bibliography SENĆOŦEN Dictionary Basic SENĆOŦEN Dictionary without root and affix indexes

23.6. Now and later

43373
Models
1)ȻȽNIȽ NE SYÁ¸.‘I’ll go right now.’
2)ȻȽNIȽ SYÁ¸S I¸ YÁ¸ SEN.‘As soon as he went, I went.’
3)ĆENIȽ NE SYÁ¸.‘I went just now.’
4)ĆÁȽ NE SYÁ¸.‘I just now went.’
5)TEW̱ SE¸ OL¸ Ȼ NE SYÁ¸.‘I’ll go later.’
6)ÁȽE SEN U, ÍY¸ OL¸.‘I’m well now.’
7)ÁȽE U, ÁȽE ¸E TI,Á TEṈEW̱.‘It’s now on this land.’
8)TU¸O¸E OL¸ YÁ¸ I¸ YÁ¸ SEN.‘As soon as he went, I went.’

‣ 1 The word ȻȽNIȽ, shown in model 1, is a very common word. It is translated as ‘right now’ in the model, but it could also be translated, ‘right away’ or ‘soon’ or ‘right then.’
‣ 2 When ȻȽNIȽ is followed by the event with the possessive subject, it is translated as in model 1. In a conjoined adverbial construction (§21.2, §29.2) as shown in model 2, it provides the meaning ‘as soon as.’ Another way of expressing this idea is in model 8. See point 9, below.
‣ 3 ȻȽU¸NIȽ is also often used with basically the same meaning as ȻȽNIȽ. ȻȽU¸NIȽ has the U¸-  contrast prefix (§56.1). Model 1 with ȻȽU¸NIȽ instead of ȻȽNIȽ is ȻȽU¸NIȽ NE SYÁ¸ ‘I’ll go right now (rather than some other time).’
‣ 4 The word ȻȽNIȽ, shown in model 3, is similar in form and meaning to ĆENIȽ. The difference in meaning between the two is that ȻȽNIȽ indicates a time in the immediate past—it just right now happened.
‣ 5 The word ĆÁȽ, shown in model 4, in this context is just another way of saying ĆENIȽ. There is a subtle difference between the two words. In this context ĆÁȽ is much more commonly used. In §24, you can see that ĆÁȽ also can be translated ‘just then.’ So a broader translation for ĆAȽ would be ‘just at a particular time.’
‣ 6 Model 5 shows the use of TEW̱ ‘later.’ In this construction, the event specified as happening later is expressed in a following Ȼ clause, which was introduced in §12.6 and covered in more detail in §46.
‣ 7 Models 6 and 7 show how ÁȽE is used as a U¸-class auxiliary (§10.1) to mean something like ‘now.’ The English ‘now’ does not exactly cover the meaning here. Model 6 could also be translated ‘At this time, I’m well.’ Model 7 could be translated ‘At this time, it’s on this land.’
‣ 8 Model 6 is a good answer to the very common greeting question, ÁȽE E SW̱ U¸ ÍY¸ OL¸? ‘How are you?’ This question is literally ‘At this time, are you well?’
‣ 9 Model 8 shows another way of expressing the idea ‘as soon as,’ though its meaning is somewhat different. Here the key word is TU¸O¸E ‘being first.’ Model 8 can be literally translated ‘He’s going first, and I’ll go.’
 
QIN¸ OĆE I¸ IȽEN SW̱?‘What time do you eat?’
ȻȽNIȽ NE S¸IȽEN. IȽEN E SE¸ SW̱?‘I’ll eat right now. Will you eat?’
ĆÁȽ NE S¸IȽEN ¸E Ȼ NE STÁĆEL.‘I just ate when I arrived.’
ÁN¸ U¸ ÍY¸ TI¸Á S¸IȽEN.‘This food is very good.’
 
23.6A. Translate each into English.
1. ȻȽNIȽ NE S¸IȾEṈ.
2. ȻȽNIȽ EN¸ SYÁ¸  I¸ YÁ¸ SEN.
3. TEW̱ SE¸ OL¸ Ȼ NE S¸IȽEN.
4. ĆAȽ Ȼ ȽÁU¸ ȻSE NE SḴÁXE¸.		23.6B. Translate each into SENĆOŦEN.
1. I’ll look at it right now.
2. I’ll go as soon as they sleep.
3. As soon as he eats, I’ll go.
4. I’ll sleep later.

 

This page has paths:

  1. 23 Time Expressions Montler, et al.

This page has tags:

  1. 30.2. Coordinate conditional Montler, et al.
  2. 46 Ȼ Clauses Montler, et al.
  3. 28.1. ‘How?’ Montler, et al.
  4. 56.1. TU¸- ‘kind of,’ I¸- ‘process,’ U¸- ‘contrast’ Montler, et al.

Contents of this tag:

  1. 46 Ȼ Clauses
  2. 29.2. Coordinate adverbial expressions
  3. 21.2. Asking about time: Conjoined event
  4. 24 Time Prefixes
  5. 56.1. TU¸- ‘kind of,’ I¸- ‘process,’ U¸- ‘contrast’
  6. 10.1. U¸-class auxiliaries