29.2. Coordinate adverbial expressions
Models
| 1) | ŚTEṈ SEN I¸ X̱EṈ. | ‘I walk fast.’ |
| 2) | ŚTEṈ ȽTE I¸ X̱EṈ. | ‘We walk fast.’ |
| 3) | ŚTEṈ SW̱ I¸ X̱EṈ. | ‘You walk fast.’ |
| 4) | ŚTEṈ TŦE NE SḴAXE¸ I¸ X̱EṈ. | ‘My dog walks fast.’ |
‣ 1 This set of models illustrates the coordinate method of making adverbial expressions. This is called ‘coordinate’ because unlike the subordinate constructions shown in §29.1, this pattern uses compound rather than complex sentences. A compound sentence is two independent sentences combined with a conjunction. The conjunction in SENĆOŦEN is I¸. See §11.1 on the SENĆOŦEN conjunction.
‣ 2 Each of the models here is a compound sentence. The main verb in the first part of the sentence, before the I¸ conjunction is the event. The quality is the main verb of the second part after the I¸. Model 1, for example, could be literally translated, ‘I walk and fast.’
‣ 3 The understood subject of the second part is the same as the subject of the first part. So it is possible to also say ŚTEṈ SEN I¸ XEṈ SEN and the meaning is the same as model 1, ‘I walk fast,’ or more literally, ‘I walk and I’m fast.’
‣ 4 Here is the basic pattern for the Coordinate adverbial expression:
ŚTEṈ SEN I¸ X̱EṈ. ‘I walk fast.’
event subject and quality
walk I and fast
‣ 5 The coordinate method may seem simpler than either of the subordinate methods of expressing adverbial ideas, but this method is far less commonly used. This method shows up in fluent stories from the elders, but when asked directly to translate an English adverbial, elders will give one of the variations described in §29.1.
 | I¸ST SW̱ I¸ ÁN¸ U¸ SQOȾEȽ. | ‘You’re paddling very crookedly.’ |
 | EWE LE¸ SEN S I¸ST. | ‘I’m not paddling.’ |
| IST ĆE! | ‘Paddle!’ |
| ÁN¸ SEN U¸ ȽĆIȻES. | ‘I’m too tired.’ |
| 29.2A. Translate each into English. 1. ȻONEṈET SW̱ I¸ X̱EṈ? 2. IST ŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ I¸ ÁN¸ U¸ ÍY¸. 3. IȽEN SEN I¸ O¸ĆEṈ. 4. YÁ¸ SW̱ I¸ ÁN¸ U¸ I¸ÁNȻES. | 29.2B. Translate each into SENĆOŦEN using coordinate adverbial expressions. 1. I walked slowly. 2. Did he paddle well? 3. You folks dove quickly. 4. Will he walk fast? |