SENĆOŦEN: A Grammar of the Saanich LanguageMain MenuContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPART 1 IntroductionThe organization of this grammarThe Place of SENĆOŦEN in the Salishan Language FamilyBasics of the SENĆOŦEN wordUseful phrasesPART 2 The SENĆOŦEN Alphabet and SoundsConsonantsVowels and DiphthongsNotes on PronunciationPART 3 SENĆOŦEN Grammatical Patterns1 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs2 Past and Future Tense3 Basic Speech Acts4 Nouns and Articles5 Possessive Pronouns6 Adjectives7 Basic Word Order8 The Preposition9 Serial Verbs10 Auxiliaries11 Conjunction: ‘And/with’ and ‘but/without’12 No and Not13 Self and Each Other14 More Negative Words15 Questions: ‘Who?,’ ‘What?,’ ‘Someone,’ ‘Something’16 Questions: ‘Do what?,’ ‘Say what?,’ and ‘Which one?’17 Subordinate Subjects in Questions18 Questions: ‘Whose?’19 Every, All, Any, and Some20 Comparison21 Questions: ‘When?’22 Numbers23 Time Expressions24 Time Prefixes25 Questions: ‘Where?’27 Paths28 Questions: ‘How?’ and ‘How much?’29 Adverbial Expressions30 Conditional Clauses31 Should, Must, Ought to, Want to32 Object Pronouns33 Passive34 Strong, Weak, and Zero Stems35 Participant Roles and Middle Voice36 Recipient, Beneficiary, and Other Participants37 Lexical Suffixes38 Questions: ‘Why?’39 Because40 Cause41 Collective Plural42 The Actual Aspect43 State, Result, and Duration44 Activity Suffixes45 Reflexive, Inchoative, and Noncontrol Middle46 Ȼ Clauses47 Relative Clauses48 Speech Act Modifiers49 Possessed Verbs50 Summary of Particles with Ȼ51 So Then ...52 Reporting Verbs and Direct Quotes53 Indirect Quotes54 Verbal Prefixes55 Nominalizing Prefixes56 Adverbial Prefixes57 More Demonstrative Articles58 Objects of Intent and Emotion59 More Reduplication Patterns60 Interjections61 Politeness Expressions62 Rare Prefixes and Suffixes63 A Fully Annotated Text64 Texts to AnnotateAppendix A: Technical Description of SENĆOŦEN SoundsAppendix B: SENĆOŦEN PronounsAppendix C: Demonstrative ArticlesAppendix D: SENĆOŦEN Kin TermsAppendix E: Index to Technical Linguistic TopicsAppendix F: VocabularyBibliographySENĆOŦEN DictionaryBasic SENĆOŦEN Dictionary without root and affix indexes
26 Location Expressions
12023-06-24T05:15:24-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101433732plain14110772023-07-14T14:44:09-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910128 Questions: ‘How?’ and ‘How much?’In §9, SENĆOŦEN serial verb constructions were introduced. There it was noted that English uses prepositions to talk about location: in, on, near, to, from, inside, outside, above, below, around, toward, and so on. But SENĆOŦEN has only one preposition: ¸E (review §8). Instead of prepositions, SENĆOŦEN uses special intransitive verbs that refer to place, position, and direction. This section introduces some more of them. You can find more extensive information about location and direction ideas in SENĆOŦEN in §27.
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12023-06-21T13:01:54-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101PART 3 SENĆOŦEN Grammatical PatternsMontler, et al.17plain2023-08-18T07:25:01-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
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12023-06-24T05:14:27-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910126.1. ‘Go to,’ ‘come from’3plain2023-08-13T10:54:55-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-24T05:14:09-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910126.2. ‘Arrive there,’ ‘arrive here’4plain2023-08-13T10:56:44-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-24T05:13:45-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910126.3. ‘Be here,’ ‘be there,’ and ‘be where’4plain2023-08-13T10:58:13-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-24T05:13:05-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910126.4. Home, inside, and outside3plain2023-08-13T11:04:26-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
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12023-06-24T07:49:28-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a9417491019.1. Intransitive motion verbs in seriesMontler, et al.4plain2023-08-11T08:04:59-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-23T13:39:00-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910127 PathsMontler, et al.3plain14110742023-07-15T07:09:25-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
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12023-06-24T07:51:26-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a9417491019 Serial Verbs4plain14111552023-07-13T12:30:36-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-22T05:59:50-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a9417491018 The Preposition3plain14111582023-07-03T10:32:11-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
12023-06-23T13:39:00-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a94174910127 Paths3plain14110742023-07-15T07:09:25-07:00Montler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101