SENĆOŦEN: A Grammar of the Saanich Language

1.2. Transitive subject pronouns

     Singular      Plural
1       ____  SEN‘I’       ____  ȽTE‘we’
2       ____  SW̱‘you’       ____  SW̱ HÁLE‘you folks’
3        ____ ‑ES‘he, she, it’        ____ ‑ES‘they’
Models
1)    ȻENET SEN.                      ‘I take it.’
2)    ȻENET ȽTE.                       ‘We take it.’
3)    ȻENET SW̱.                       ‘You take it.’
4)    ȻENET SW̱ HÁLE.            ‘You all take it.’
5)    ȻENETES.                        ‘He/she/it/they take it.’








‣ 1 The transitive subjects are mostly the same as the intransitive subjects. Only the ‘he,’ ‘she,’ ‘it,’ or ‘they’ form is different:  it is an ‑ES ending (a suffix) on the verb.
‣ 2 Note that the direct object here is given as ‘it.’ This could also be translated as ‘him,’ ‘her,’ or ‘them.’ More on direct objects can be found in §32.
‣ 3 Note that ȻENET ‘take it, grab it’ and the other transitive verbs given below all end in ET. This is a good (but not always 100% reliable) way to tell that a verb is transitive:  if it ends in an ET or T, chances are it is transitive.
‣ 4 There are other endings on transitive verbs, such as ‑NEW̱ and ‑TW̱, that will be covered in later sections.
‣ 5 Here are some other transitive verbs. Usually SENĆOŦEN spelling does not mark stress—the strongest vowel in a word. In this list, the stressed vowel is marked with an underline to help you remember how to pronounce it. Memorize these now for use in this and later sections:   
ȻENÁṈET‘help it’ŚJET‘hit it’ 
QENET‘look at it’ŚEJNEW̱‘hit it (accidentally)’
QENNEW̱‘see it’SÁ¸ET‘lift it’
W̱EĆET‘wake it’ȻÁ¸ET‘drop it’
ŚÁMET‘dry it’XĆIT‘know it’
ȽIȾET‘cut it’TȻET‘break it (a long object)’
MEDET‘bend it’ȻENET‘take it’
 
ÁȽE E SW̱ U¸ ÍY¸ OL¸?‘How are you?’
U¸ ÍY¸ SEN.‘I’m fine.’
STOṈET SW̱ ȻEĆÁ?‘What are you doing?’
ȻONEṈET SEN.‘I’m running. (I run.)’
X̱ENIṈ ȻEĆÁ EN¸ ŚW̱ȻONEṈET?‘Why do you run?’
ȻENET SEN.‘I took it.’
 
1.2A. Translate each of the following into English.
1. ȻENET ȽTE.
2. ȻÁ¸ET SEN.
3. ȻENÁṈETES.
4. W̱EĆET SW̱.
5. SÁ¸ET SEN.
6. TȻET ȽTE.
7. ŚJET SW̱.
8. ȻENETES.
9. XĆIT ȽTE.
10. ȽIȾET SW̱ HÁLE.		1.2B. Translate each of the following into SENĆOŦEN.
1. You hold it.
2. We dry it.
3. I break it.
4. They drop it.
5. She hit it.
6. He takes it.
7. You all lift it.
8. You help it.
9. We cut it.
10. I know it.

1.2C. Write three SENĆOŦEN sentences not shown in 1.2 using the transitive verbs shown above.
1.2D. Find four more transitive SENĆOŦEN verbs and make three sentences with each.

 

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