Klallam Grammar

Preface to the online Scalar edition of the Klallam Grammar

This hypertext Scalar version of the Klallam Grammar was begun in 2018 with the introductory material, the first two sections, and the first 20 chapters of the grammar section. After the first year, 2020-2021, of use in the Klallam language classes at Peninsula College, it seemed worthwhile to finish the rest through chapter 60 and the appendices during the summer of 2021. The complete online grammar was used through the advanced, second year Klallam classes in 2021-2022.

This was originally a copy of the published Klallam Grammar dressed up with audio, hyperlinks, and some video. In the course of going through the grammar in minute detail during those two years of classes, a number of typos and other errors came to light. These have been corrected in this Scalar edition. A few chapters have been augmented with grammatical facts that had not been noticed at the time of the publication of the print version. Therefore, this Scalar version is now the official, authoritative version of Klallam Grammar.

This Scalar version also includes a hypertext version of the Klallam Dictionary. This version has all of the contents of the Klallam-English and English-Klallam sections of the published Klallam Dictionary.

I want to thank Jamie Valadez, her students at Port Angeles High School, and all of the students in the Peninsula College classes, who read and worked through the entire grammar with extreme care. I especially want to thank those who provided audio for dialogs and models that were missing because of the passing of the last native speaking elders. You will hear the elders Bea Charles and Adeline Smith in the audio for most of the models and dialogs. Others filling in for them in the audio for some models and dialogs are excellent second language speakers: Jamie Valadez, Wendy Sampson, Harmony Arakawa, Ashley Pitchford, Jonathan Arakawa, and Brooke Wellman.

A very big thank you goes to the Alliance for Networking Visual Culture and the University of Southern California, who created the Scalar platform and host this Klallam Grammar on the web.


This version was last revised September 21, 2022.

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