Klallam Grammar

53 More Demonstrative Articles

In §4 you learned about the basic Klallam articles. The introduction to that section mentioned that there are many more. This section concerns the rest of the articles and puts them in the perspective of what you know about Klallam grammar at this point.

The Klallam demonstratives are all small words composed of parts that each have a more or less recognizable meaning. If you go back now and review §4, you will see that we covered four elements of meaning: particular, nonspecific, nonvisible, and feminine in five articles: ‘particular,’ či ‘nonspecific,’ kʷə ‘nonvisible,’ tsə ‘feminine, particular,’ and kʷɬə ‘feminine, nonvisible.’ Notice that the two ‘nonvisible’ articles begin with kʷ. This is not accidental. In fact, all of the articles that begin with carry ‘nonvisible’ as part of their meaning.

In this section, five more units of meaning will be added to these four, and you will see other patterns of correspondence between sounds and meaning. The five new elements of meaning are ‘near,’ ‘far,’ ‘definite,’ ‘emphatic,’ and ‘other one.’

These eight elements combine to form a total of thirty-six different demonstrative articles in Klallam. A complete list is given in a chart in Appendix C.
 

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