Klallam GrammarMain MenuKlallam GrammarAlphabet and SoundsBasicsGrammarIntroduction: How to Use This Grammar1 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs2 Past and Future Tense3 Basic Speech Acts4 Nouns and Articles5 Possessive Pronouns6 Adjectives7 Object Pronouns8 The Preposition and Word Order9 Negative Words10 More Negative Words11 Self and Each Other12 Questions: ‘Who?’ and ‘What?’13 Subordinate Subjects in Questions14 Questions: ‘Whose?’15 Focus Pronouns and Answering Questions16 Comparison17 Conjunction: ‘And/with,’ ‘but/without,’ and ‘or’18 Questions: ‘When?’19 Time Expressions20 More Time Expressions21 Time Prefixes22 Questions: ‘Where?’23 Some Place Expressions24 Source, Way, and Destination25 Serial Verbs26 Questions: ‘How?’ and ‘How much?’27 While Clauses28 Adverbial Expressions29 Intensifier Auxiliaries30 Conditional Clauses31 Passive Sentences and Shifting Vowels32 Lexical Suffixes33 Collective Plural34 Possessed Verbs35 So Then ...36 Reporting Verbs and Direct Quotes37 Indirect Quotes38 Questions: ‘Why?’39 Because40 Cause41 Speech Act Particles42 The Actual: To Be Continuing43 State, Result, and Duration44 Participant Roles and Middle Voice45 Recipient, Beneficiary, and Source Objects46 Reflexive, Noncontrol Middle, and Contingent47 Activity Suffixes48 Relative Clauses49 Verbal Prefixes50 Movement and Development Suffixes51 Nominalizing Prefixes52 Adverbial Prefixes53 More Demonstrative Articles54 Objects of Intent, Emotion, Direction, and Success55 More Reduplication Patterns56 Interjections57 Rare Suffixes58 A Fully Annotated Text59 Texts to Annotate60 ConclusionAppendicesKlallam DictionaryKlallam-English and English-Klallam sections onlyMontler, et al.1985d2520fc8efde4c2f92342f62d9a941749101
59.2. Second text: Ghosts on the Beach
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ʔáɬaʔ being here ʔáw not ʔaʔ preposition ʔaʔ- be at ʔáʔyəŋ house/home ʔənʔá come ʔəxʷíyŋxʷ village ʔə́y̓ good ʔiyá there ʔiyáʔnəxʷ hearit ʔiyaʔnəŋít listen to it ʔiʔ conjunction ʔiʔ-/ʔi- process ʔuʔ connector ʔuʔ- contrast canu article cə article čay̓əqʷaʔáw̓əɬ in back či article činu article c̓íx̣ʷəŋ Deep Creek -əs subordinate subject haʔničəŋ̓ discussing həwíyəŋ return hiyáʔ go hiyicút save oneself húy quit kʷaʔ if/when kʷánəŋət run kʷə article kʷi article kʷɬ- already ɬaʔkʷáct get away ɬáw̓ flee ɬəmtiyáčaʔ Tim Pysht ɬúyəs leave it ƛ̓aʔ- go to ƛ̓áy also nə- my nəxʷqʷáyəkʷən think níɬ 3rd-person focus nuʔ- kind of pə́šct Pysht pqʷə́čən sand p̓áʔəct attempt qéʔqaʔ loose q̓q̓aʔnítəŋ̓ threatened qʷáqʷiʔ talking qʷúʔ water q̓ʷčútəŋ be killed q̓ʷsə́ŋ solid s- s- prefix -s his/her/its/their -s 3rd-person subject smíƛ̓i mud snáyaʔnəkʷ ghosts sŋiyánt rocks st̓áčəŋ tide stáŋ what šə́təŋ̓ walking štə́ŋ walk stúʔwiʔ river stútaʔwiʔ creek suʔ- so then sxʷʔiyá where tə́s arrive txʷaʔ- become x̣áčəŋ dry x̣ənʔátəŋ be told x̣ə́p̓ end x̣ʷə́ŋ fast yaʔ past yáʔtəŋ prepared yaʔyaʔŋít hearing it yəq̓áɬ bother/obstruct