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• 1 2018-07-28T12:42:51-07:00 42.2. The ‘actual’ reduplication 3 plain 2021-07-16T13:23:26-07:00

  ɬúp̓ cn.	‘I eat soup.’
  ɬúɬp̓ cn.	‘I am eating soup.’
  ʔúx̣ʷ cn.	‘I go there.’
  ʔúʔəx̣ʷ cn.	‘I am going there.’
  qán̓ cn.	‘I steal.’
  qáqən̓ cn.	‘I am stealing.’

  
  ► 1 You have seen reduplication before in Klallam. In §33.3 and §33.4 you learned that the collective plural can be made with reduplication. Take a few minutes now to review those sections. In §55.1 you will learn that reduplication is used to form the diminutive.
  ► 2 A few words in Klallam form the actual by a special form of reduplication that copies the first consonant of the root to the right of the stressed vowel.
  ► 3 This reduplicated form is rare because it occurs only on words that have exactly three sounds: Consonant ‑ Vowel ‑ Consonant. And there are few such words in Klallam.
  ► 4 If you look at the second and third models, you will see that there is an extra schwa after the inserted consonant. There is a general rule for this: 
  Whenever one of the consonants of the root is ʔ, m, n, ŋ, y, w, or glottalized versions of these, put ə between them.
  ► 5 Here are a few more words that take this form of the actual: ʔút̓ ‘stretch’; t̓úk̓ʷ ‘go home’; x̣áƛ̓ ‘blow (of the wind)’; ƛ̓íw̓ ‘run away’; q̓ʷúy ‘die.’
  ► 6 New vocabulary: sčəyáɬ ‘smoked salmon soup’; saplín ‘bread’
  

  	ʔúʔəx̣ʷ cn ƛ̓aʔtáwn.	‘I’m going to town.’
  	t̓út̓k̓ʷ cn.	‘I’m going home.’
  	húy̓ kʷaʔčə.	‘Goodbye, then.’
  	húy̓.	‘Goodbye.’