22.1. ‘Where at?’ ‘Where to?’ ‘Where from?’
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2022-11-02T09:02:58-07:00
| ʔəx̣ín cxʷ ʔuč. | ‘Where are you?’ |
| tx̣ʷín cxʷ ʔuč. | ‘Where are you going to?’ |
| čšaʔəx̣ín cxʷ ʔuč. | ‘Where are you going from?’ |
| čʔəx̣ín cxʷ ʔuč. | ‘Where are you from?’ |
► 1 The basic word for ‘where?’ in Klallam is ʔəx̣ín. This word is used to refer to being at a particular place—not moving toward or away from a place.
► 2 To ask where someone or something is moving toward, you must use tx̣ʷín̓. This word comes from the combination of a prefix txʷ‑ and the root ʔəx̣ín ‘where?’
► 3 To ask where someone or something is coming or going from, you must use čšaʔəx̣ín. This word comes from the combination of the prefix čšaʔ‑ ‘go from’ and the root ʔəx̣ín ‘where?’
► 4 To ask about the origin of someone or something—where someone or something is from, you use čʔəx̣ín. You will find more detail on the difference between the čšaʔ‑ and č‑ prefixes in §23.1. ► 5 Just as with the other question words, the ʔuč is usually there but need not be.
► 6 These and all of the other question words in Klallam are intransitive verbs. These have the same grammar as any of the other intransitive verbs (see §1 on intransitive verbs). This means that if one says simply ʔəx̣ín, this means ‘Where is he/she/it?’ If one wants to know where a particular object or person is, just put that object or person in as the subject of the sentence with an appropriate article, for example, ʔəx̣ín ʔuč kʷi ʔən̓sqáx̣aʔ ‘Where is your dog?’ Here is the pattern for asking where at, to, or from of a particular item (or person): ʔəx̣ín ʔuč article item
tx̣ʷín̓ ʔuč article item
čšaʔəx̣ín ʔuč article item
čʔəx̣ín ʔuč article item► 7 It is possible to ask about the ‘where’ of an event. In this case, the event is the subject of ʔəx̣ín, and the subject of the event is indicated with the possessive pronouns. For example, ʔəx̣ín ʔuč kʷi ʔən̓sk̓ʷə́nnəxʷ ‘Where did you see it?’ Note that since the event has the possessive pronoun, it must have the s‑ prefix (see §10.3, §18.1, and §20.3). Here is the pattern for asking the whereabouts of a particular event: ʔəx̣ín ʔuč article possessive‑s‑event► 8 ʔəx̣ín is also often pronounced ʔx̣ín, ʔəx̣ín̓, ʔaʔx̣íyn, or ʔaʔx̣éyn.
 | ʔəx̣ín cxʷ ʔúč. | ‘Where are you?’ |
 | ʔaʔáʔyəŋ cn. | ‘I’m at home.’ |
| ŋaʔk̓ʷaʔcút či ʔiyá. | ‘Wait for me there.’ |
| ŋaʔk̓ʷaʔcút cn. | ‘I’ll wait.’ |