This page is referenced by:

• 1 2018-07-24T14:46:02-07:00 11.2.1. Each other (control): -ti 8 plain 2021-07-16T07:16:06-07:00

  kʷənáŋəti cn.	‘We help each other.’
  kʷənáŋəti st.	‘We help each other.’
  kʷənáŋəti cxʷ.	‘You help each other.’
  kʷənáŋəti cxʷ hay.	‘You folks help each other.’
  kʷənáŋəti.	‘They help each other.’

  
  ► 1  The form of the control ‘each other’ suffix is ‑ti. This suffix is never stressed. One way to think of it is as a suffix ‑i added to the end of the control transitive stem. In the models the control transitive stem is kʷənáŋət ‘help him/her.’
  ► 2  Note that the first model has cn ‘I’ as the subject, while the second model has st ‘we’ as the subject. This differs a bit surprisingly from English. In English, we cannot say ‘*I help each other.’ In Klallam, this is okay and is usually translated the same as the sentence with st ‘we’ as the subject. Similarly, the singular cxʷ ‘you’ is as acceptable as the plural with hay.
  ► 3  The subtle difference in meaning between the first two is that the first one implies that cn ‘I’ started the helping. The second model implies that we both initiated the helping activity together.
  ► 4  Just as with the reflexive, this suffix is not very common. It is usually used only on transitive verbs that have a direct effect on the object.
  ► 5  There are a number of words that always have the ‑ti ‘each other’ suffix, even though the translation does not normally use ‘each other.’ It is easy to see in each one the ‘reciprocal’ meaning, even though they are not translated with ‘each other.’ Here are some of those:

  ʔaʔčšíti	‘exchange’	(ʔáʔčšt ‘change it’)
  cə́y̓əqti	‘share’	(cə́yqt ‘share it’)
  c̓əy̓c̓sítiʔ	‘boxing, fistfight’	(c̓sə́t ‘punch it’ and -ʔ ‘actual’)
  č̓c̓ústi	‘hug’	(č̓c̓úst ‘hug it’)
  kʷínti	‘fight’	(no related word)
  ɬuʔísti	‘elope’	(ɬáw̓  ‘run away’)
  ƛ̓kʷcísti	‘shake hands’	(ƛ̓kʷə́t ‘take it,’  -cis ‘hand’)
  maliyíti	‘marry’	(from French marier)

  	ŋə́n̓ cə nəsčáy.	‘I have lots of work.’
  	kʷənáŋəc caʔn.	‘I’ll help you.’
  	kʷənáŋəti caʔ st.	‘We’ll help each other.’
  	ʔə́y̓. ƛ̓kʷcísti či!	‘Good. Shake hands!’