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• 1 2018-07-28T12:40:05-07:00 39.1. Because: ʔaw̕- 5 plain 2022-11-30T07:42:24-08:00

  ʔaw̓ɬčíkʷs cn.	‘(It’s) because I’m tired.’
  hiyáʔ cn; ʔaw̓ɬčíkʷs cn.	‘I went because I was tired.’

  
  ► 1 This pattern is a particularly easy one. The prefix ʔaw̓‑ is very regularly translated with English ‘because.’
  ► 2 This prefix is usually pronounced ʔaw̓‑, but in careful pronunciation it sounds like ʔaʔuʔ‑.
  ► 3 This ʔaw̓‑ differs from English ‘because’ in that it is not a separate word.
  ► 4 In English, ‘because I’m tired’ is not a complete sentence; it is just a sentence fragment. The equivalent in Klallam, however, is a complete sentence. The first model, ʔaw̓ɬčíkʷs cn, could be, and often is, translated ‘because I’m tired,’ but a more accurate translation is ‘It’s because I’m tired,’ because this is a complete sentence in Klallam.
  ► 5 The second model is really two sentences in Klallam that can be translated with one in English. The second model could also be translated as ‘I went; it was because I was tired.’
  ► 6 When answering a direct ‘why’ question in Klallam, the shorter method, as in the first model, would normally be used.
  ► 7 Note that, as usual, the second model is translated with the English past tense, but the Klallam could be past, present, or future.
  ► 8 New vocabulary: sáy̓siʔ  ‘scared’; ʔə́y̓ skʷáči ‘nice day’
  

  	ʔaʔstúʔŋət kʷaʔčaʔ ʔən̓sxʷkʷánəŋət.	‘Why did you run?’
  	ʔuʔmán̓ cn ʔuʔ sáy̓siʔ.	‘I was very scared.’
  	ʔaʔstúʔŋət kʷaʔčaʔ kʷi ʔən̓sáy̓siʔ.	‘Why were you scared?’
  	ʔá, ʔuʔmán̕ cxʷ ʔuʔ čičtáŋ!	‘Oh, you ask too many questions!’

  	ʔaʔstúʔŋət kʷaʔčaʔ ʔən̓sxʷkʷánəŋət.	‘Why did you run?’
  	ʔaw̕mán̓ cn ʔuʔ sáy̓siʔ.	‘It was because I was very scared.’
  	ʔaʔstúʔŋət kʷaʔčaʔ kʷi ʔən̓sáy̓siʔ.	‘Why were you scared?’
  	ʔaw̕k̕ʷə́nnəxʷ cn cə slapúʔ.	‘It was because I saw Slapu.’