SENĆOŦEN: A Grammar of the Saanich Language

27.1. Source and destination

Models
1)YÁ¸ SEN ṮE PÁSTEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE.‘I went to the US from Victoria.’
2)YÁ¸ SEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE ṮE PÁSTEN.‘I went from Victoria to the US.’
3)YÁ¸ SEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE OX̱ ¸E Ṯ PÁSTEN.‘I went from Victoria to the US.’
4)YÁ¸ SEN OX̱ ¸E Ṯ PÁSTEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE.‘I went from Victoria to the US.’
5)ṮE PÁSTEN SEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE.‘I went to the US from Victoria.’
6)ĆELÁ¸E SEN ¸E Ṯ METULIYE ṮE PÁSTEN.‘I went from Victoria to the US.’
7)ĆELÁ¸E SEN ¸E Ṯ METULIYE OX̱ ¸E Ṯ PÁSTEN.‘I went from Victoria to the US.’
8)OX̱ SEN ¸E Ṯ PÁSTEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE‘I went to the US from Victoria.’
1 Each of these models indicates the source and destination without indicating the way. Notice that in each of these models, the source—‘from’—has dark shading, and the destination—‘to’—has light shading.
2 The first thing to note is that in SENĆOŦEN, as in English, the source and destination can come in either order in the sentence—‘to the US from Victoria’ or ‘from Victoria to the US.’
3 There are two ways of expressing the destination: with the ṮE prefix (introduced in §26.1), as in models 1, 2, 5, and 6, and with OX̱ ‘go to’ followed by the destination in a prepositional phrase, as in models 3, 4, and 7.
4 In models 1, 2, 3, and 4, the main verb is YÁ¸ ‘go,’ but this verb is not required, as is shown in the other model sentences.
5 With the absence of YÁ¸ in models 5, 6, 7, and 8, the destination or source verb becomes the main verb, so the subject follows it.
6 The verb YÁ¸ in models 1, 2, 3, and 4 could be replaced by some other verb of motion to indicate a mode of travel. For example, ȻELEṈ ‘fly’ could replace YÁ¸:
          ȻELEṈ SEN ṮE PÁSTEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ METULIYE.    ‘I flew to the US from Victoria.’
   
ĆSE¸EXIN SW̱ OĆE?‘Where did you come from?’
ĆELÁ¸E SEN ¸E Ṯ SȾÁ¸EU¸TW̱ ṮE W̱JOȽEȽP.‘I went from Tsawout to Tsartlip.’
TX̱IN SE¸ SW̱ OĆE?‘Where will you go to?’
ĆELÁ¸E SEN ¸E Ṯ W̱JOȽEȽP OX̱ ¸E Ṯ MÁ¸LEXEȽ.‘I’ll go from Tsartlip to Malahat.’
 
27.1A. Translate each into English.
1. ŚTEṈ LE¸ SEN ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ SȾÁ¸EU¸TW̱ ṮE W̱JOȽEȽP.
2. ĆELÁ¸E E SW̱ ¸E Ṯ METULIYE ṮE PÁSTEN?
3. OX̱ ȽTE SE¸ ¸E Ṯ W̱JOȽEȽP ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ SȾÁ¸EU¸TW̱.
4. ȻONEṈET E SW̱ OX̱ ¸E Ṯ W̱JOȽEȽP ĆELÁ¸E ¸E Ṯ SȾÁ¸EU¸TW̱?
27.1B. Translate each into SENĆOŦEN.
1. We went from Victoria to Sidney.
2. Did you walk from Tsartlip to Tsawout?
3. I won’t walk from Tsartlip to Tsawout.
4. I arrived at Tsartlip from Tsawout.

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