SENĆOŦEN: A Grammar of the Saanich Language Main Menu Contents Preface Acknowledgments PART 1 Introduction The organization of this grammar The Place of SENĆOŦEN in the Salishan Language Family Basics of the SENĆOŦEN word Useful phrases PART 2 The SENĆOŦEN Alphabet and Sounds Consonants Vowels and Diphthongs Notes on Pronunciation PART 3 SENĆOŦEN Grammatical Patterns 1 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs 2 Past and Future Tense 3 Basic Speech Acts 4 Nouns and Articles 5 Possessive Pronouns 6 Adjectives 7 Basic Word Order 8 The Preposition 9 Serial Verbs 10 Auxiliaries 11 Conjunction: ‘And/with’ and ‘but/without’ 12 No and Not 13 Self and Each Other 14 More Negative Words 15 Questions: ‘Who?,’ ‘What?,’ ‘Someone,’ ‘Something’ 16 Questions: ‘Do what?,’ ‘Say what?,’ and ‘Which one?’ 17 Subordinate Subjects in Questions 18 Questions: ‘Whose?’ 19 Every, All, Any, and Some 20 Comparison 21 Questions: ‘When?’ 22 Numbers 23 Time Expressions 24 Time Prefixes 25 Questions: ‘Where?’ 26 Location Expressions 27 Paths 28 Questions: ‘How?’ and ‘How much?’ 29 Adverbial Expressions 30 Conditional Clauses 31 Should, Must, Ought to, Want to 32 Object Pronouns 33 Passive 34 Strong, Weak, and Zero Stems 35 Participant Roles and Middle Voice 36 Recipient, Beneficiary, and Other Participants 37 Lexical Suffixes 38 Questions: ‘Why?’ 39 Because 40 Cause 41 Collective Plural 42 The Actual Aspect 43 State, Result, and Duration 44 Activity Suffixes 45 Reflexive, Inchoative, and Noncontrol Middle 46 Ȼ Clauses 47 Relative Clauses 48 Speech Act Modifiers 49 Possessed Verbs 50 Summary of Particles with Ȼ 51 So Then ... 52 Reporting Verbs and Direct Quotes 53 Indirect Quotes 54 Verbal Prefixes 55 Nominalizing Prefixes 56 Adverbial Prefixes 57 More Demonstrative Articles 58 Objects of Intent and Emotion 59 More Reduplication Patterns 60 Interjections 61 Politeness Expressions 62 Rare Prefixes and Suffixes 63 A Fully Annotated Text 64 Texts to Annotate Appendix A: Technical Description of SENĆOŦEN Sounds Appendix B: SENĆOŦEN Pronouns Appendix C: Demonstrative Articles Appendix D: SENĆOŦEN Kin Terms Appendix E: Index to Technical Linguistic Topics Appendix F: Vocabulary Bibliography SENĆOŦEN Dictionary Basic SENĆOŦEN Dictionary without root and affix indexes

26.2. ‘Arrive there,’ ‘arrive here’

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Models
1)TES SEN.‘I arrived there.’
2)YÁ¸ SEN TES.‘I arrived there.’
3)TES SEN ¸E ȻSE ŚW̱IMÁLE.‘I got (there) to the store.’
 
4)TÁĆEL SEN.‘I arrive here.’
5)EN¸Á SEN TÁĆEL.‘I arrive here (come here).’
6)TÁĆEL SEN ¸E ȻSE ŚW̱IMÁLE.‘I got (here) to the store.’

‣ 1 The very common words TES and TÁĆEL are usually translated ‘get there’ and ‘get here’ or ‘arrive there’ and ‘arrive here.’
‣ 2 These a following prepositional phrase is used to specify a destination as in models 3 and 6.
‣ 3 Sometimes TÁĆEL is best translated as ‘arrive there’ when it occurs in stories. It’s meaning ‘get here’ or ‘get there’ is relative to where the action is taking place. For example, someone is talking about having been on a small island when a stranger’s canoe arrived. In this situation the storyteller uses TÁĆEL TŦE SNEW̱EȽ ‘A canoe got there (here where the storyteller was at that time).’ In another context, TÁĆEL TŦE SNEW̱EȽ could be translated ‘A canoe got here.’
‣ 4 Sometimes TES is best translated ‘next’ when it occurs in the context of someone talking about a sequence of things. For example, someone is talking about a number of interesting people from the past. After talking about one person, the storyteller uses TES ¸E TŦE NO¸ȾE EȽTÁLṈEW̱ ‘Next is another person.’ This could be translated, in another context, ‘They got to another person.’ This use of TES is very common in the narratives we have recorded from the elders.
‣ 5 The word TÁĆEL is used in a form of greeting. When someone new but expected enters the room, a elder will say TÁĆEL E SW̱? ‘Did you get here?’ The new person will reply TÁĆEL SEN, SI¸ÁM¸ ‘I got here, SI¸ÁM¸’ or something similar. This is as close to ‘hello’ as we get in SENĆOŦEN.
‣ 6 Vocabulary (with stressed vowel in red):
               TES                     ‘arrive there’
               TÁĆEL                ‘arrive here’
               SNEW̱EȽ             ‘canoe’
               ŚW̱IMÁLE           ‘store’
 
ÍY¸ SȻÁĆEL, SI¸ÁM¸!‘Good day, SI¸ÁM¸!’
TÁĆEL E SW̱?‘Did you get here? (Hello)’
TÁĆELNOṈET SEN.‘I managed to get here.’
EMET SW̱ I¸ IȽEN.‘Sit down and eat.’
 
26.2A. Translate each into English.
1. TÁĆEL TŦE NE SḴÁXE¸.
2. SÁN OĆE TÁĆEL?
3. TES E TŦE EN¸ MÁN ¸E Ṯ W̱LEMI?
4. YÁ¸ ȽTE TES ¸E TŦE SNEW̱EȽ.		26.2B. Translate each into SENĆOŦEN.
1. My mother got to Victoria.
2. The canoe got here.
3. We arrived here today.
4. Did you get here?

 

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  1. 26 Location Expressions Montler, et al.