47.2. Head object of relative clause
Models
| 1) | U¸ XĆIT SW̱ ȻSE SW͸ḴE¸ QENNEN. | ‘You know the man that I saw.’ |
| 2) | U¸ XĆIT SW̱ ȻSE SW͸ḴE¸ QENNEW̱. | ‘You know the man that you saw.’ |
| 3) | U¸ XĆIT SW̱ ȻSE SW͸ḴE¸ QENNEȽTE. | ‘You know the man that we saw.’ |
| 4) | U¸ XĆIT SW̱ ȻSE SW͸ḴE¸ QENNES. | ‘You know the man that he/she saw.’ |
‣ 1 As in the previous section, the head has light shading and the relative clause has darker shading. First compare the English translations of these models with the English translations of the models in §47.1, and notice that the relative clause in each model here has a subject.
‣ 2 Comparing the SENĆOŦEN in §47.1 to the models here, you can see that where the models in §47.1 have object suffixes in the relative clause, these here have the subordinate subject suffixes.
‣ 3 The subordinate subjects are introduced in §17 and discussed again §30.1. Review those sections now to make sure you understand the subordinate subjects.
‣ 4 In these models, the head is the object of the relative clause. The subject of the relative clause in each model is marked by the subordinate subject suffix. Other than this, the pattern is the same as the models in §47.1.
‣ 5 A very common use of relative clauses is in a pattern that is usually called a ‘cleft’ construction. Compare:
QENNEW̱ SEN TŦE EN¸ MÁN. ‘I see your father.’
see I the your father
NIȽ TŦE EN¸ MÁN QENNEN. ‘It’s your father that I see.’
it is the your father that I see
The second example is what’s called a cleft sentence. In English, these types of cleft sentences begin with ‘it’; in SENĆOŦEN they begin with NIȽ. Cleft sentences are used when you want to focus the listener’s attention on the object rather than the action.
 | XĆIT E SW̱ ȻŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ LOLETEN? | ‘Do you know the girl that I asked out?’ |
 | HÁ¸E. ÁN¸ U¸ ÍY¸. | ‘Yes. She’s very nice.’ |
| NIȽ E ŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ ḰÁLTEW̱ | ‘Is she the girl that you talked to?’ |
| HÁ¸E. ĆŚW̱¸O₭E¸ E? | ‘Yes. Does she have a sister?’ |
| 47.2A. Translate into English. 1. XĆIT SEN ŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ QENNEN. 2. QENNEṈ SEN ¸E ŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ QENNEW̱. 3. XĆIT SW̱ ŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ QENNEȽTE. 4. QENNES ȻŦE KÁ¸ṈI¸ XĆITEW̱. | 47.2B. Translate into SENĆOŦEN 1. Do you know the girl we saw? 2. It was the girl that arrived that you saw. 3. The girl that you saw arrived. 4. I saw the girl that you know. |
47.2C. Make three new sentences using relative clauses with object heads. | |