14.4. ‘Deny something to,’ ‘turn down for something’
Models
| 1) | QEYESIT SEN. | ‘I denied it to him/her.’ |
| 2) | QEYESIT SEN ¸E ȻSE TÁLE. | ‘I denied him the money.’ |
| 3) | QEYESIT SEN TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸ ¸E ȻSE TÁLE. | ‘I denied the money to my friend.’ |
| 4) | QEYESITEṈ SEN. | ‘I was turned down.’ |
| 5) | QEYESITEṈ SEN ¸E TŦE TÁLE ¸E TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸. | ‘I was denied the money by my friend.’ |
‣ 1 This is another word based on the same root /k̕ʷey/ as SQȺ and QEYÁT.
‣ 2 This time the root has the ‑SIT ‘beneficiary’ suffix. Adding this suffix makes the direct object refer to a person (or animal) that is affected by some action for or against his/her benefit. For now, just study these models. The ‑SIT suffix will be covered in much more detail in §36.2.
‣ 3 The main verb here, QEYESIT, means to deny somebody something or to turn somebody down with respect to something. In practice, this is often used to refer to turning someone down for a loan or a favor or an application for some position.
‣ 4 The direct object of QEYESIT is always a person or personal animal such as a dog, cat, or horse. The thing that is denied can be specified in a prepositional phrase (§8). This is shown in models 2, 3, and 5 here.
‣ 5 Model 5 is a passive sentence with two prepositional phrases. The subject SEN is the participant undergoing the denial. The first prepositional phrase, ¸E TŦE TÁLE., specifies the thing denied, and the second prepositional phrase, ¸E TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸, specifies who is doing the denying. There does not seem to be any rule for restricting the number of prepositional phrases a sentence may have as long as the sentence makes sense and follows the other basic rules.
 | ȺYEL¸TW̱ E SW̱ ¸E TŦE SNEW̱EȽ? | ‘Did you lend him the canoe?’ |
 | EWE. QEYESIT SEN. | ‘No. I turned him down.’ |
| X̱ENIṈ ȻEĆÁ EN¸ ŚW̱ QEYESIT? | ‘Why did you turn him down?’ |
| ÁN¸ U¸ SQȺ TŦE NE SNEW̱EȽ. | ‘My canoe is really no good.’ |
14.4A. Which of these sentences is ungrammatical? If it is ungrammatical, explain why it is. If it is grammatical, translate the sentence. If you see a word you do not know, look it up in the SENĆOŦEN dictionary.
1. QEYESIT E LE¸ SW̱?
2. QEYESIT SEN TŦE TÁLE.
3. QEYESIT SEN TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸.
4. EWE SEN S QEYESIT TŦE NE SḴÁXE¸.
5. EWE SEN S QEYESIT ¸E TŦE NE SḴÁXE¸.
6. QEYESITEṈ SEN ¸E TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸.
7. QEYESITEṈ E SW̱ TŦE NE SḴÁXE¸?
8. QEYESITEṈ E SW̱ NE SḴÁXE¸?
9. EWE S QEYESITEṈ TŦE NE SḴÁXE¸ ¸E TŦE NE SĆÁ¸ĆE¸.
10. EWE SEN QEYESITEṈ TŦE SḴÁXE¸.
14.4B. Make up four more sentences using QEYESIT.