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Performing Archive
Main Menu
Visualizing the “Vanishing Race”: the photogravures of Edward S. Curtis
Front Page for Visualizing the "Vanishing Race" path
Curtis' Image and Life: The Network of The North American Indian, Inc.
An experiment with data visualization approach to understand and contextualize Curtis' images and his life
Media, Technology and Mediations
Curtis's Technology, Relationships to Media and Style
Contextualizing Curtis, The North American Indian, and Race
the collection of essays from the contributors
Consulting with Tribes as Part of Archive Development
Introduction to Consulting with Tribes by Ulia Gosart
Contributing Archives
Information on how to participate in Performing Archive
Browsing the Media
A path of paths that allow users to cut through the collection in a variety of ways.
Acknowledgements and Project Information
Project Network
Jacqueline Wernimont
bce78f60db1628727fc0b905ad2512506798cac8
David J. Kim
18723eee6e5a79c8d8823c02b7b02cb2319ee0f1
Stephan Schonberg
23744229577bdc62e9a8c09d3492541be754e1ef
Amy Borsuk
c533a79d33d48cbf428e1160c2edc0b38c50db19
Beatrice Schuster
a02047525b31e94c1336b01e99d7f4f758870500
Heather Blackmore
d0a2bf9f2053b3c0505d20108092251fc75010bf
Ulia Gosart (Popova)
67c984897e6357dbeeac6a13141c0defe5ef3403
Taos water girls
1
2018-03-16T21:12:29-07:00
Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
29482
1
plain
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Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
This page has paths:
1
2018-03-16T21:13:03-07:00
Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
List of Large Plates Supplementing Volume Sixteen
Erik Loyer
1
Media Gallery
structured_gallery
2018-03-16T21:13:03-07:00
Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
Contents of this path:
1
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Taos water girls
1
plain
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1
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Iahla
1
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1
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North pueblo at Taos
1
Taos consists of two house-masses separated by Pueblo creek. The entire site was formerly surrounded by a protective wall, remains of which are still in place. The north structure is called Hlauoma ("cold elevated"), referring to its situation (north being regarded as up, and south as down). The other is Hlauqima (cold diminish").
plain
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1
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Walvia
1
Walvia is a characteristic type of Taos womanhood.
plain
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1
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Taos woman
1
plain
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1
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Isleta man
1
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1
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Francisca Chiwiwi - Isleta
1
In general, an Indian regards his name as a personal possession, and does not willingly reveal it to strangers. Tact and experience usually overcome this reluctance, but in a brief visit at Isleta there seemed to be an understanding that no individual should admit the possession of a Tiwa name. Only Spanish names were recorded.
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1
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Jemez architecture
1
On account of the comparative inaccessibility of its site on Rio Jemez, a westerly affluent of the Rio Grande, Jemez is annoyed by fewer white visitors than almost any other pueblo. The reticence and the mental sluggishness of its inhabitants do not encourage the ethnologist. The Jemez played a leading part in the rebellion of 1680 and were so severely punished by Vargas that their preference for isolation is comprehensible. They have long been intimate with the Navaho and considerable racial mixture has resulted.
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1
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Jemez fiscal
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The office of fiscal, like that of governor and alguacil, is of Spanish origin, and its incumbents are charged with the supervision of activities connected with the church, such as burial of the dead and physical care of the church building. In general the church is an institution superimposed on pueblo life: it has nowhere become an integral part of it. At Jemez several centuries of effort at Christianization have been without tangible result, except that the presence of missionaries has been a more or less beneficial object lesson in a better mode of life
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Tuvahe - Jemez
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1
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Cochiti and Sia pottery
1
The vessel with the bird design was made at Sia, the others are from Cochiti. Sia is noted for the excellence of its earthenware, the best of which is the product of two women.
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1
2018-03-16T21:11:15-07:00
Ti'mu - Cochiti
1
This Cochiti girl married a Sia man, and the photograph was made at her adopted home.
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1
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Aiyowitsa - Cochiti
1
Carolina Quintana, the most mentally alert Indian woman met in more that twenty years of field work in connection with this series, is a shining example of what Pueblo women can become with a little schooling and instruction in modern housekeeping. She was mainly responsible for the compilation of Cochiti relationship terms given in Volume XVI.
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Lucero - Santo Domingo
1
Photographing a native of Santo Domingo is comparable to hunting big game with a camera. This pueblo measures its contentment inversely to the extent of unavoidable contact with the hated white race. A guard is detailed to watch the Catholic priest when he visits the village, and the Government has pursued the wise policy of detailing Indian teachers to the local school. The Santo Domingans long resisted the gratuitous digging of wells to be equipped with windmills, continue to deny their sick children the services of the Government physician, and resist the activities of census enumerators. There is no doubt that the death sentence would be past on any individual found guilty of revealing native practices, and if the priestly authorities learned that Lucero sold his likeness to a white man he doubtless had an unpleasant half hour.
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1
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Kyello - Santo Domingo
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1
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On a Sia housetop
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Sia buffalo dancer
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The Buffalo dance of the Keres is almost exactly the same as that of the Tewa. The performers are two young men with head-dresses of buffalo-hair and horns, and a girl wearing the usual female costume and a pair of small horns. The head of the hunters' society plays the part of guard. The dance is very strenuous, and the simulated actions of t he buffalo are quite realistic and readily comprehended by the spectator.
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1
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Shuati - Sia
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Sia street scene
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Sia is situated on the north bank of Rio Jemez, a few miles below Jemez pueblo. Ancient Sia, having participated in the revolt of 1680, was completely destroyed and a large number of its inhabitants were killed by Governor Domingo de Cruzate in 1689. The pueblo was rebuilt, probably on nearly the same site, and during the remaining years of this troubled period Sia remained actively friendly with the Spaniards. Once a populous centre, it housed only one hundred and fifty-four persons in 1924.
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Sia buffalo mask
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Acoma belfry
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With the possible exception of Sia, Acoma possesses the oldest church among the pueblos. Its bell is dated 1710, but the massive structure may have been erected as early as 1699. (See Volume XVI, pages 170-171.)
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Feast day at Acoma
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Franciscan missionaries early in the seventeenth century introduced certain public Christian rites among the Pueblos, which ever since have been performed, with an intermingling of native ceremonial practices, especially on the days of the saints of whose protection the villages were respectively assigned. The day of San Estevan, patron saint of Acoma, is September second.
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Acoma from the south
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The large building in the centre is the church, and the walls of the cemetery are visible at its right. In the distance is the vague outline of Mount Taylor.
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Old trail at Acoma
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This is doubtless the trail built under the supervision of Fray Juan Ramirez, who established himself at Acoma in 1629 and subsequently built a church and a trail which horses could ascend.
plain
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Acoma water carriers
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At the gateway - Acoma
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Acoma roadway
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At the old well of Acoma
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Members of Coronado's army of explorers in 1540 and espejo in 1583 noted the "cisterns to collect snow and water" on the rock of Acoma.
plain
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Acoma woman
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Acoma water girls
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Paguate
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Paguate is the oldest and largest of ten villages subsidiary to Laguna, the patent pueblo of this group. It appears to have been founded about the middle of the eighteenth century. Laguna itself dates from 1699. The two-story structure at the right, one of the two oldest buildings at Paguate, was a watchtower erected for the defense of the farming population from the roving Navaho, who disputed possession of this locality.
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Laguna architecture
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Replastering a Paguate house
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Laguna watchtower
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The Navaho caused the people of Laguna considerable trouble up to the middle of the nineteenth century. The latter probably gave a good account of themselves, for they were sufficiently warlike to furnish a band of volunteer scouts in the campaign against the Apache band under Geronimo, for which service they or their surviving relatives were voted substantial pensions by Congress in 1924.
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Paguate entrance
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Paguate watchtower
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Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
Taos
Erik Loyer
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plain
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Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
Contents of this path:
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Taos water girls
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plain
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North pueblo at Taos
1
Taos consists of two house-masses separated by Pueblo creek. The entire site was formerly surrounded by a protective wall, remains of which are still in place. The north structure is called Hlauoma ("cold elevated"), referring to its situation (north being regarded as up, and south as down). The other is Hlauqima (cold diminish").
plain
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Walvia
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Walvia is a characteristic type of Taos womanhood.
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Taos woman
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A corner of Taos and a kiva entrance
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In the forest - Taos
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Threshing wheat - Taos
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A Taos girl
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Pavia - Taos
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A Taos maid
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Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
"Girl"
Erik Loyer
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plain
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Erik Loyer
f862727c4b34febd6a0341bffd27f168a35aa637
Contents of this path:
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Sigesh - Apache
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This illustrates the girls' method of tying the hair previous to marriage. The ornament fastened to the hair in the back is made of leather, broad and round at the ends and narrow in the middle.
plain
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Apache Nalin
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An Apache girl about fourteen years of age.
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Qahatika water girl
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Qahatika girl
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Mosa - Mohave
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It would be difficult to conceive of a more aboriginal than this Mohave girl. Her eyes are those of the fawn of the forest, questioning the strange things of civilization upon which it gazes for the first time. She is such a type as Father Garces may have viewed on his journey through the Mohave country in 1776.
plain
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Hwalya - Yuma
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A Yuma girl, characteristic of southern Yuman maidenhood.
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Maricopa girl
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The young Maricopa women affect the Mexican more than the Indian dress; but they are by no means unpicturesque in their garb of many colors as they gracefully bear their burden on their heads.
plain
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Ogalala girls
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As a rule the women of the plains tribes are natural horsewomen, and their skill in riding is scarcely exceeded by that of the men. As mere infants they are tied upon the backs of trusty animals, and thus become accustomed to the long days of journeying.
plain
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Sioux girl
1
A young Sioux woman in a dress made entirely of deerskin, embroidered with beads and porcupine-quills.
plain
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1
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Arikara girl
1
A type produced by several generations of tribal and racial intermarriage. The subject is considered by her tribesmen to be a pure Arikara, but her features point unmistakably to a white ancestor, and there is little doubt that the blood of other tribes than the one which claims her flows in her veins.
plain
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Cheyenne girl
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1
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Mountain camp - Yakima
1
The reservation of the Yakima rises from the level of the valley of the Yakima river to the lower range of mountains between that stream and the Columbia. In the glades of the mountains small parties pitch their tipis in the spring-time, and the women and girls gather edible roots, notably bitterroot.
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Nespilim girl
1
In the early years of the nineteenth century various explorers noted that the bands dwelling along the upper course of the Columbia, among which the Nespilim were included, wore practically no clothing. Excepting as the cold made some protection necessary. The hair of the women was arranged in two knots at the sides of the face ? a method of hairdressing still in vogue among the Salish on Fraser river. Prior to the middle of the century the use of deerskin garments had become common, and gradually other customs such as the style of hairdressing here illustrated, were borrowed from the tribes east of the Rocky mountains
plain
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Kutenai girls
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Fisherman - Wishham
1
Among the middle course of the Columbia at places where the abruptness of the shore and the up-stream set of an eddy make such method possible, salmon were taken, and still are taken, by means of a long-hauled dip-net. At favorable seasons a man will, in a few hours, secure several hundred salmon - as many as the matrons and girls of his household can care for in a day.
plain
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Wishham girl
1
The subject is clothed in a heavily beaded deerskin dress of the plains type. The throat is encircled by strands of shell beads of native manufacture, heirlooms which were obtained by the original Wishham possessor from the Pacific slope. Pendant on the breast are strands of larger beads of the same kind, as well as of various kinds brought into the country by the traders of the Hudson's Bay Company. An indispensable ornament of the well-born person was the dentalium-shell thrust through a perforation in the nasal septum; occasionally, as in this case, two such shells were connected by means of a bit of wood pushed into the hollow bases. Tied to the hair at each side of the face (see the following plate) is another dentalium-shell ornament, which is in reality an ear pendant transferred from the lobe of the ear (where its weight would be inconvenient) to the hair. The head-dress consists of shells, shell beads, commercial beads, and Chinese coins. The coins made their appearance in the Columbia River region at a comparatively early date. This form of head-dress was worn on special occasions by girls between the age of puberty and their marriage.
plain
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Wishham girl, profile
1
plain
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Wishham maid
1
Clad in her deerskin dress of the plains and her basketry hat of the coast, the girl pauses on the grim lava rocks above the Dalles, looking out across the thundering rapids, perhaps observing the activities after friends in the village Wasko.
plain
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1
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Suquamish girl
1
plain
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1
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Cowichan girl
1
A maiden of noble birth clad in goat-hair robe.
plain
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1
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Clayoquot girl
1
plain
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1
2018-03-16T21:11:06-07:00
Hesquiat maiden
1
The girl wears the cedar-bark ornaments that are tied to the hair of virgins on the fifth morning of their puberty ceremony, as described in Volume XI, page 42. The fact that the girl who posed for this picture was the prospective mother of an illegitimate child caused considerable amusement to the native onlookers and to herself.
plain
2018-03-16T21:11:06-07:00
1
2018-03-16T21:12:12-07:00
Loitering at the spring
1
A group of Walpi and Hano girls in holiday attire. The background is a typical bit of Southwestern desert.
plain
2018-03-16T21:12:12-07:00
1
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Tewa girl
1
An excellent feminine type of these early immigrants from the Rio Grande. The arrangement of her hair suggests that she is unmarried.
plain
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Watching the dancers
1
A group of girls on the topmost roof of Walpi, looking down into the plaza.
plain
2018-03-16T21:12:12-07:00
1
2018-03-16T21:12:12-07:00
Hopi girl
1
Soft, regular features are characteristic of Hopi young women, and no small part of a mother's time is used to be devoted to dressing the hair of her unmarried daughters. The aboriginal style is rapidly being abandoned, and the native one-piece dress here illustrated is seldom seen even at the less advanced of the Hopi pueblos.
plain
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1
2018-03-16T21:12:15-07:00
East mesa girls
1
plain
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Tewa girls
1
plain
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Pomo girl
1
Clam-shell beads of the kind here shown are still made by some of the old men. Fragments of shell are pierced and strung on a stem of the scouring-rush (Equisetum), which is then drawn backward and forward on a flat surface of sandstone until the fragments have become nearly circular. The feathered ornament is an ear-pendant, which in this case, because of its length and weight, is attached to a strand of hair. The large, dark-colored bead on one strand of the necklace is a cylinder of magnesite, a highly valued object
plain
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1
2018-03-16T21:12:23-07:00
Coast Pomo girl
1
plain
2018-03-16T21:12:23-07:00
1
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Taos water girls
1
plain
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1
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Ti'mu - Cochiti
1
This Cochiti girl married a Sia man, and the photograph was made at her adopted home.
plain
2018-03-16T21:11:15-07:00
1
2018-03-16T21:12:31-07:00
Sia buffalo dancer
1
The Buffalo dance of the Keres is almost exactly the same as that of the Tewa. The performers are two young men with head-dresses of buffalo-hair and horns, and a girl wearing the usual female costume and a pair of small horns. The head of the hunters' society plays the part of guard. The dance is very strenuous, and the simulated actions of t he buffalo are quite realistic and readily comprehended by the spectator.
plain
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1
2018-03-16T21:06:50-07:00
Acoma water girls
1
plain
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1
2018-03-16T21:12:32-07:00
Povi-Tamu
1
The flower concept is a favorite one in Tewa names, both masculine and feminine. The regular features of the comely Morning Flower are not exceptional, for most Tewa girls, and indeed most Pueblo girls, are not without attractiveness.
plain
2018-03-16T21:12:32-07:00
1
2018-03-16T21:12:33-07:00
Girl and jar - San Ildefonso
1
Pueblo women are adept at balancing burdens on the head. Usually a vessel rests on a fibre ring, which serves to steady it and to protect the scalp. The design on the jar here illustrated recalls the importance of the serpent cult in Tewa life. (See Volume XVII, pages 19-24, 77-80.)
plain
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2018-03-16T21:12:34-07:00
Tesuque buffalo dancers
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The Buffalo dance is performed, though the original object of exerting prenatural influence on the abundance and accessibility of the buffalo no longer prevails. The two male dancers are accompanied by the Buffalo Girl, who is fully clothed in native costume and has a pair of small horns on the head. These three give a very striking and dramatic performance under the watchful eye of the head of the hunters' society.
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2018-03-16T21:12:35-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:12:36-07:00
Zuni girls at the river
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2018-03-16T21:12:36-07:00
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Zuni girl
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2018-03-16T21:07:05-07:00
Apache girl
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2018-03-16T21:07:05-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:22-07:00
Yuma girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:22-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:27-07:00
Sholya - Mohave girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:27-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:35-07:00
Yaqui girl
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Maricopa water girl
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Mandan girl
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Piegan girls
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2018-03-16T21:07:08-07:00
Arapaho water girl
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2018-03-16T21:07:08-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:10:33-07:00
Young Kalispel girl
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2018-03-16T21:10:33-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:10:35-07:00
Kutenai girls at the lake-shore
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2018-03-16T21:10:39-07:00
Nez Perce girl
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2018-03-16T21:10:39-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:10:40-07:00
Umatilla girl
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2018-03-16T21:10:41-07:00
Cayuse girl
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2018-03-16T21:10:45-07:00
Wishham girls
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2018-03-16T21:10:45-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:10:57-07:00
Quinault girl
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2018-03-16T21:11:00-07:00
Quilliute girl
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2018-03-16T21:07:45-07:00
Tsawatenok girl
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2018-03-16T21:07:55-07:00
Hesquiat girl in cedar-bark costume
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2018-03-16T21:08:05-07:00
Hano and Walpi girls wearing atoo
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2018-03-16T21:08:05-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:08:13-07:00
An East Mesa girl.
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2018-03-16T21:08:13-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:08:25-07:00
Sherwood Valley girl - Pomo
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2018-03-16T21:08:25-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:08:26-07:00
A Pomo girl
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2018-03-16T21:08:26-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:08:43-07:00
An Isleta girl
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2018-03-16T21:08:43-07:00
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A Taos girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:03-07:00
Boy and girl columns at Corn Mountain -
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2018-03-16T21:09:03-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:03-07:00
A Zuñi girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:04-07:00
A Nambe girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:09-07:00
A Cree girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:21-07:00
A Comanche girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:21-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:38-07:00
Girl's costume, Nunivak
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2018-03-16T21:09:38-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:43-07:00
Diomede girl
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2018-03-16T21:09:43-07:00
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2018-03-16T21:09:48-07:00
Selawik girl.
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2018-03-16T21:09:48-07:00