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US Latinx Activism and Protests: From the Farm to the (Legislative) Table Main Menu Collection Media Thumbnails Hashtag Description Art produced during the Chicanx Movement Abstract: In the midst of change, The Chicanx Movement was a monumental time for Mexican Americans in the United States during the late 1960s. The movement addressed the social, economic, and political inequalities experienced by Mexican Americans across the nation. Aimed to celebrate and acknowledge cultural pride and identity, the movement also sought to reclaim and celebrate Mexican and Mexican American history, art, and culture. The Chicanx Movement played a significant role in shaping the Latino identity and influencing subsequent social justice movements, and the artwork produced during this time allowed for many to voice their opinions on the political and social climate of the U.S during the time. Chicano Moratorium Examining the causes, events, and leaders of the Chicano Moratorium #chicanx #feminism #movement LA Demonstrations During the Chicano Movement Abstract: The Chicano Movement was a movement that involved Mexican-Americans all over the United States and was a crucial component to establishing civil rights for Latinos. While Chicanos living in the United States were at the focal point of discrimination in society, they figured that it was best to come together and establish a sense of familiarity in order to combat these racial remarks and disadvantages. To spark attention to their cause and movement, many Chicanos participated in numerous demonstrations and while many were peaceful, many considered them as radical. By Steve, Lexi, and Ricardo Bracero Program In this project we will be analyzing a number of facets of the Bracero Program with a specific focus on the causes, on both sides of the border, which culminated in the agreement. Consequently, we will explore the historical context of the US and Mexico of the first half of the twentieth century, including the impact of the Mexican Revolution as well as the dire situation brought about by the second world war. By utilizing this basis we will then analyze the “migration aspect” entailed by the program, travel from Mexico to the US and various territories. Not only as an in depth look at the agreement, but also as a necessary foundation. One which will permit the Bracero Program to be positioned in history, while simultaneously deepening the exposition and understanding of a largely forgotten case of large-scale abuse and exploitation. We anticipate this will form the backbone of the examination of bracero experiences: first-hand accounts and testimonials.. By Fernando, Joy and Lizeth Migration in the United States The United States has often been called a "nation of immigrants," here we observe specific instances of migration policy within the United States and how certain themes regarding immigrants have changed or been maintained. By: Zulema Arguello, Sofia Perez Valles, and Natalie Manzo-Silva Guatemalan Genocide & Its Dark Truth This page will focus on the Guatemalan genocide, a period of brutal violence that brought tremendous adversity to those indigenous communities residing in the rural areas of Guatemala. It will provide details regarding the atrocities that the Mayan people experienced, the trauma that was left behind, and the hardships that they continue to face today. Furthermore, it will demonstrate how this heinous period of history fostered activism and social movements in Guatemala. By Paola Chavarria and & Aurora Nieves Chicano Farm Worker Movement In this project, we will be discussing about the Chicano Farm Worker Movement and how it brought change to not only farm workers but to society as a whole. We will be focused on the working conditions of farm workers prior and after the movement, notable or influential leaders, and the communities that were fueling the movement. By examining their struggles, successes, and legacy, we wanted to provide a better understanding of the process needed to advocate and bring forth social change for a marginalized group of people. Last, we wanted to remove stereotypes and other misconceptions about the movement in creating a more equitable society. Por: Justin Bui, Kristi Kang, Jenniffer Young Las "Brujas" Feministas: Magazines, Art, and Television This project intends to provide a comprehensive analysis of women's representation in different mediums such as art, television, and fanzines. In this way, the goal is to understand the gender stereotypes that women have had to overcome from a feminist perspective. Through this discussion, the hope is to amplify women's voices to promote inclusive and equitable representation in society. By Claudia Mejia, Janet Landa, Diana Andrade Young Lords Party The Young Lords Party was founded at the peak of the 1960s political and civil rights movement in the United States. With a focus on empowering Puerto Ricans while embracing other Latinx communities, the Young Lords Party sought to effect change and fight systematic oppression faced by marginalized groups. By Isha Das, Hayden Holliman, Carli Meinert & Elise Oliver Walkouts and Protests in Los Angeles On our page, we will discuss the walkouts and protests that took place within schools and communities across Los Angeles. The school protests happened because Latino students wanted to see a change in the education system. Some of the changes Latino students wanted to see implemented were hiring more Chicano professors and administrators, having more Chicano Studies classes in higher education, and overall being treated better without discrimination or judgment. In the 1960s, high school students faced racism and discrimination, which included a lack of education and insufficient school buildings in comparison to those of white students in the area. Walkouts famously took place at Roosevelt High School in Los Angeles, where there was a large population of Latino students. In 1993, college students also faced a lack of Chicano education when budget cuts put the Chicano classes at UCLA at risk of being shut down. This led to a hunger strike, where UCLA students protested and ultimately helped to establish the UCLA César E. Chávez Department of Chicana/o Studies. In the years leading up to 1965, Latino and Black communities also protested because they wanted to see a change in the way they were treated. The Black community finally had enough in 1965 and the Watts Riots happened, which in the end led to positive changes in their community. By Sydney Schwinger, Vanessa Harris, Jazmin Chavez

Bracero Bus

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Media

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Media Thumbnails Elise Oliver
Contents of this path:
1. Anti War Demonstrators: UCLA Library Digital Collections
2. Photograph of a Young Lords Party Rally at Queens County Jail
3. Bracero Program
4. Bracero Worker in Camp
5. Cesar Chavez on March from Mexican border to Sacramento with United Farm Workers members in Redondo Beach, Calif., 1975
6. Chicano Moratorium- Chicana Power
7. Chicano Riots
8. Jailed Protesters and Rioters
9. Mecha protest in Los Angeles
10. Mexican migrant worker
11. Mural by Judith Baca
12. President Nixon's Chicano Approval Rate
13. Rally at Olvera Street
14. Roosevelt High School Walkout
15. Roosevelt High School Walkouts
16. Young Lords, Overseeing the Program
17. A Right to Justice - A Video of the Guatemalan Genocide
18. Aerial Shot of the South Central Farm (1999)
19. Aerial view of two buildings on fire on Avalon Blvd during the Watts Riots of 1965
20. Artwork made from riot debris displayed at Watts Renaissance of the Arts in 1966
21. Bracero Bus
22. Bracero shaving
23. Bracero Workers in California, 1960
24. Chicano Moratorium: A Question of Freedom (1971)
25. Braceros off to work_
26. Braceros loading their belongings onto a bus for trip home to Mexico, El Centro, 1965
27. Chicano Moratorium Committee antiwar demonstrators
28. Chicano Power
29. The Great Wall of Los Angeles
30. Conoce a "La Bestia", el tren que transporta a miles de migrantes
31. A Bulldozed South Central Farm (2006)
32. Exterior of Mechicano Art Center
33. Separation of Children at Border (cover page)
34. The victims
35. UFW logo
36. Children in Detention Centers
37. Unearthing the Truth
38. US expelled over 2.8 mn migrants under Title 42: Mexico
39. We Are Not A Minority
40. Women working in the Fields
41. Women's movement
42. Graffiti painted on a gate in the border wall at Friendship Park, in Playas de Tijuana.
43. People guarding local stores
44. Protesters in Distress (2006)
45. Chicana movement
46. Farmers Sharing Seeds (2006)
47. Separated: Children at the Border (full documentary) | FRONTLINE
48. Separated: Children at the Border (full documentary) | FRONTLINE
49. Flowers zoomed in
50. Free Barrio Clinic Signage
51. Hispanic American Veterans Share Their Experiences in Vietnam
52. America Tropical (Now)
53. An untold story
54. Chicano Farm Movement
55. Chicano Movement Art
56. David Alfaro Siqueiros: Self-Portrait (1945)
57. Dolores Huerta (2015)
58. Cindy Montanez UCLA Hunger Strike
59. Felipe Luciano Sweeping Above is a cropped portion of an image of the Young Lord's co-founder Felipe Luciano, caught sweeping garbage along a sidewalk in El Barrio, which is located in East Harlem, New York City, New York. I chose to zoom in on the broom he was using and the act of sweeping as opposed to the environment or mass change that was occurring in order to note the heavy-hands-on role each member of the YLO played in their activist initiatives.
60. Gallo Wine (1973)
61. Human rights
62. Las Tres Marías
63. Migration Title
64. Poster for farm worker movement
65. Takeover: How We Occupied a Hospital and Changed Public Health Care | Op-Docs
66. The Bracero Program - Cruz Leon Martinez
67. The Bracero Program - Babe Wood
68. The South Central Farm Banner (2006)
69. The Young Lords: Puerto Rican Struggle in the US
70. Videopoema: Por qué grita esa mujer
71. Watts riot scene at Central Ave. and 43rd St., Los Angeles, 1965 Firefighters battle flames at Central Avenue and 43rd Street as fire and smoke come from buildings destroyed during the Watts Riot. Central Avenue is a major north-south passage in the central portion of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. From approximately 1920 to 1955, Central Avenue was the heart of the African-American community in Los Angeles, with active rhythm and blues and jazz music scenes. #losangeles #police #protest
72. March to UN
73. Young Lords Garbage Offensive Police Interactions
74. Young Lords Garbage Offensive
75. Pinback button for the People's Church
76. Young Lords Occupying X-Ray Unit
77. Young Lords Collage

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Migration Throughout The Transportation Journey In this portion of the imagery, there is a selection of images that will take you through a journey of what immigrants endure as they travel from their homeland of Mexico, to the United States. The journey never gets easier, instead it becomes harder every time a person gets closer to the United States. They arrive with only the necessary, but suffer poor sanitation and lose track of time due to the constant movement and stops throughout the transportation journey.
During 1942 to 1964, Mexicans were allowed to legally enter the United States to obtain a better lifestyle and economic stability for their families once they returned home. Due to the fact that many civilians did not have job opportunities in their home land, they would decide to leave and come towards the United States since it was advertised by everyone. They would leave with just the necessary things, which would be placed in bags or small luggages. By it being the top and popular story, they would take upon the journey, but did not know how it would be. They would start off in Mexico and travel to the border of the United States through bus or truck, where they would wait in line to enter. Once they crossed, they would leave in trains or buses to their destination to work. Many of the times, it would take them seven days to arrive, but migrates would lose track of time being stuck in transportation. During their transportation, they would have no food resources nor private area to urinate. As seen in the image, buses just had uncomfortable seats and no bathroom in the back. The trains or buses they would travel in were not made to accommodate long journeys. As a result, this was just the beginning of their suffrage.

Luggage

In the image, there is a note on each luggage that indicates the destination they are traveling to. The civilians are lined up to give their luggage or place their luggage on top of the bus. There are several luggages that are lined up to be placed on top. These luggages represent how they would carry their entire life in one or two bags. Majority of these people did not have any valuable items. The only thing they would carry were their clothes that they had and leave the items that could be replaced. People had to travel lightly since they could not carry their entire homes due to the fact that the transportation journey to first arrive in the United States had small room capacity. Moreover, space on buses was limited from and to their destination regards if they were just arriving or leaving back to their homeland. This is due to several people traveling to the same destination, which caused the labeling on the luggages useful to identify who it belonged to and the destination they were arriving at. Additionally, through these labels, it demonstrates the different destinations and how long the journey has been for the person, since the boxes would come from where they worked.
Journey

With the migration transportation journey being an important factor of the testimonies and stories published, there is an increasing number of stories that we will uncover throughout. Each person had their own reason to leave, but no one thought about how hard the journey would be nor take. Although the journey never changes nor gets easier, immigrants continue to do it, since it is their only option to obtain a more secure financial income than in their home country. Additionally, families would migrate, since family friends would assure them they would obtain a better lifestyle. However, no one told them about the dangers and difficulties that they would suffer going through the entire journey. Firstly, it was not easy to cross the border once they arrived. Their first stop was waiting until they were given a contract and a destination, which could be given if they made the cut off, but they ran the risk of being split away from their traveling group. Consequently, the cut off caused contracts to differ with the length they were given, like it is seen with Cruz Leon Martinez where he had a longer time than his travel buddies due to crossing before them. .
In any case, the migration transportation journey is an important factor in the testimonies and stories published. There is an increasing number of stories that we will be uncovered throughout the years, which demonstrate how each person had their own reason to leave, but no one thought about how hard the journey would be nor take. Resultantly, the buses and trains were primarily known methods of transportations that immigrants would take in order to reach their work location. On an everyday basis, from their homes, they would be taken in the back of pickup trucks to their field works. Constantly, they were on the move through trucks to arrive towards their destination. Since the moment they left their native lands, they have had to be moving from one place to another in order to provide their family with better economic resources. As a result, workers would routinely experience the same routes and traveling in each entrance, but they could be sent to a different work location. With a hard journey, immigrants were eager to arrive towards their destinations at first to finally rest. However, their stay was located in camps reserved especially for immigrant workers, which had the worst living conditions. There were several people piled up in a room, which to them in the beginning it did not matter as long as they had a secure job. Thus, the living conditions were considered adequate for them, since farm owners treated them like animals. Therefore, if they were treated like animals, they would live like them too.
Sanitation

However, throughout the journey, the sanitation standards were low and were treated like animals. In these transportation vehicles, people would be in buses that could be compared to a school bus. These buses did not have bathrooms for the passengers to utilize throughout the long journeys. Instead, it would just be a place considered an isolated box on wheels that would torture them. They would be stuck in there for hours or days without a single opportunity to leave nor do their necessity without being left behind. The moment they step foot outside their transportation, they would lose it all. Additionally, the only stops that it would make were to allow immigrant workers to get off at their stop. Therefore, the conditions would get worse and worse the longer the civilians were in there.
In addition, the conditions did not get better when they arrived at their destination. The living conditions in the camps were of poor living conditions to the point where the camps were in desperate need of renovation. The walls were starting to peel off and the discoloration process began. Moreover, there were hoses in the sink that could be from the outside, which would make them unsanitary for immigrants to even live in. These locations were not safe, nor were they livable, but immigrants had to make it work. Moreover, as seen in the image, the male workers at the beginning of their days would shave, but they did not have a proper mirror. Instead they had to use a small piece of glass of metal in order to see their reflection and have a proper shave. Consequently, the sanitation conditions progressively get worse with time and destination.