M. Citrifolia: A Distinctive Fruit with Exceptional Traits
Nomenclature
M. citrifolia L. comes from a family called Rubiaceae which consists of shrubs, terrestrial trees, and herbs. In Hawaii, the species is called Noni, whereas in India it is called Indian Mulberry. The name is derived from the two Latin words “morus” and “indicus” which meant mulberry and Indian respectively (Chen, 2012). The L is in reference to Carl Linneaus who first described the species. The type specimen was first founded by Linnaeus and published on May 1, 1753 at the Species Planetarum (Tropicos). The species’ habitat is in India and distributed in India. Some other common names of the M. citrifolia are cheese fruit (Australia), kura (Fiji), nenu (Cook Islands) and many more (Tropicos).
Evolutionary History
The genus, Morinda, contains about 100 species of small trees and shrubs (Rojas-Sandoval, 2017). M. citrifolia has botanical varieties such as M. citrifolia var. citrifolia, M. citrifolia var. bracteata, and M. citrifolia var. elliptica. It also has one cultivar called M. citrifolia cultivar Potteri (Rojas-Sandoval, 2017). One of its varieties, M. citrifolia var. bracteata, is a small fruit found in Indonesia and Pacific Oceans with prominent bracts that are protruding from the fruit (Rojas-Sandoval, 2017). There was a proposal made to conserve the name Morinda citrifolia with a conserved type. People have claimed that there may have been an error in naming the Morinda citrifolia because Linnaeus’ description of M. citrifolia refers to two illustrations, with one of them belong less well-known, M. coreia, and the more well-known, M. citrifolia (Chen, 2012). M. coreia became a lectotype and fell into the category of M. citrifolia (Chen, 2012). If the proposal was rejected, then there would be confusion with the naming because the old literature would still have the name filed under M. citrifolia, but the newer literature would be filed as M. nodosa for M. coreia (Chen, 2012). Changing the names would cause confusion since the fruit is used for both research and commercial purposes (Chen, 2012). Thus, the name Morinda citrifolia has been conserved. vestibulum lorem sed.
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