James Lee Dickey: An Analysis of One African-American's Leadership in Jim Crow Texas

Racial Uplift

In 1881, Booker T. Washington arrived in Tuskegee, Alabama to open a new Negro school in the heart of the black belt, modeled after Hampton Institute, an industrial arts school for Negroes in Virginia. Hampton was created in 1868 by Samuel Armstrong to provide an education that would prepare freed slaves to work in a money economy. Booker T. Washington had walked 500 miles to attend Hampton in 1872 and taught there until General Armstrong asked him to continue the mission of Hampton in the deep South. Due to Tuskegee’s location, Booker T. Washington adopted an accommodationist technique when working with Southern whites. Because he was dependent on white contributions and completely surrounded by armed, belligerent Southerners, he had to convince the dominant race that supporting the Tuskegee Idea was in their best interest. It was an extremely gradual method of gaining equality.
 

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