Bringing the Holy Land Home: The Crusades, Chertsey Abbey, and the Reconstruction of a Medieval Masterpiece

What does this tell us about the crusades?

This Miter collected materials from the Middle East and alludes to Byzantine influences. Looking at a similar miter from the Benedictine Monastery, the 12th century miter explicitly states that material was collected from near eastern territories. Due to trading patterns and the sources of silk, the crusades were a crucial cause to the import of this material. The 12th century miter and the 13th century miter both from the Benedictine Monastery of St peter also have influences from other cultures alluding to the mixture and clash of different societies. For example, the vertical narrow orpherys along the lappets are Byzantine styled, just like the Chasuble of St. Vitalis, also located in this church. All of the liturgical textiles that were found in the Benedictine Church in Salzburg seem to use silk materials of Middle Eastern origin, many being made in Germany, highlighting the importance of Crusade trade and transport.

 

Furthermore, with the conclusion that this piece most likely was made in the middle of the 13th century, this would place the creation between the fourth and seventh crusade. These crusades featured Pope Innocent the third and King Frederik the second. Both of these rulers played a heavy role in the connection of the Miter and the crusades. Pope Innocent the third incited the law of having a miter used by abbots and bishops, not just popes, and emphasized the use of this for the significance of recognizing a respected clergyperson. Furthermore, King Frederick the second was the former king of Germany and promised to bring to light two more crusades, the fifth and sixth crusades. With the enforcement of Miters as a religious 'uniform' for abbots, this Miter could have been worn during a call for arms or enforcing the Christian religion to Crusaders. The Miter would allow a recognition of power and implementation of the Christian religion on the greater world.

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