'Deus Ex Machina' refers to a plot device in which the plot, or part of it, is resolved through the intervention of an unexpected entity. Used prolifically by some Ancient playwrights, of which Euripides stands out, this plot device was used with the aid of an actual “machina” or machine, hidden backstage used to introduce characters or objects from the sky or by levitating on-stage actors.

   Contrary to this belief however, it can be seen as a useful tool that adds a layer of meaning to both the plot and characters on stage either by changing our perspective of them or by introducing a new relationship between the characters and that which is in the machina e.g. a god.

   The use of this device can be seen in a positive or negative fashion, depending on the context in which it is used, how often is used and a number of factors. For example, when used in certain plays, it can seem like a “cop out”, a solution to the central conflict without further character or plot development. Aristotle for example, believed that resolution to a play should come internally a view that makes Deus Ex Machina seem like a shortcut in playwriting.

.  An representation of what the machine would have looked like.