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AMR and AR: Antimicrobial Resistance and Augmented Reality

Australia testimonials 2024: "Antibiotic stories: The sociology of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance"

"Antibiotic stories: The sociology of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance" is a 2024 report from Monash University's Centre to Impact AMR.

"This report provides a summary of qualitative research exploring the social and economic drivers of AMR. It is designed to encourage reflection on the underlying forces that shape antibiotic use. The following 5 topics were explored:

Managing the impact of business models on prescribing
Understanding antibiotic user identities and implications for the prescribing moment
Addressing the social and psychological effects of antibiotics
Advancing the therapeutic relationship: Trust, expertise and lived experience
Navigating risk and time in prescribing decisions"

"Why stories? We have adopted the view that people create and share narratives to make sense of their life experiences and to establish social interaction with others. Prescribing an antibiotic depends on the sharing of illness narratives: the patient or pet owner has a story to tell of symptoms and worries for the prescriber to interpret; the rationale for the prescription (or not as the case may be) is narrated by the prescriber to help the patient or pet owner understand what they need to do next.

"We observed these narrations in our interviews and workshops and present selected extracts to develop the 5 antibiotic use topics. These experiential narratives provide insight into the lived experience of GPs, veterinarians, patients, and pet owners..."

The Centre to Impact AMR has created an "Alliance Against AMR with teams in Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Bangladesh, Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, China and New Zealand."

The Infection, Immunity & Society Research Group at Monash U's School of Social Sciences has many other research outputs including:

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5. Vaxcards 2016 (cartoon disease characters): A Game of Infectious Disease and Fun Battle friends with grotesque, lovable, collectable diseases in the world's first immunization card game!Battle friends with grotesque, lovable, collectable diseases in the world's first immunization card game!Battle friends with grotesque, lovable, collectable diseases in the world's first immunization card game!Battle friends with grotesque, lovable, collectable diseases in the world's first immunization card game!Battle friends with grotesque, lovable, collectable diseases in the world's first immunization card game!
9. The Lancet 2024: WHO Task Force of AMR Survivors – personal stories
11. Singapore comic 2022: "The Antibiotic Tales"
15. US animated explainer 2018: "Antibiotics vs. Bacteria: Fighting the Resistance" 5 min 48 sec. MedlinePlus, United States National Institutes of Health, Mar 14, 2018 "How do we stay safe from the growing epidemic of antibiotic resistant bacteria? NIAID is researching ways to keep us safe…. Chapters: 0:38 Antimicrobial resistance epidemiology. 1:02 Examples of resistant bacteria. 1:11 Tuberculosis. 1:31 Gonorrhea. 1:46 MRSA. 2:13 How does antimicrobial resistance occur? 3:25 What can you do to fight antimicrobial resistance? 4:32 Research at NIAID."
16. Spain PSA 2023 (bodyguards): "Antibiotics: Their job is to protect us. Your job is to use them wisely." Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Nov 3, 2023. "They are specialists. And their job is to protect us. But if we ask them to do things they're not intended to do, they won’t be able to protect us when we need them, and we end up putting the health of people, animals and the environment at risk. Antibiotics: Their job is to protect us. Your job is to use them wisely. Government of Spain."
19. Global AMR Diary 2024: Collective storytelling to shift perspectives and shape policy
21. Image Comics 2017: "Surgeon X" trailer https://surgeonx.co.uk/ From writer Sara Kenney and artist John Watkiss, published by Image Comics. Set against the backdrop of an antibiotic apocalypse in near future London, Rosa Scott, a brilliant and obsessive surgeon becomes Surgeon X, a vigilante doctor who uses experimental surgery and black market drugs to treat patients. Surgeon X risks everything to save lives, but ultimately ends up warping her medical oath to suit her own decisions.
24. Spain PSA 2020 (hairbrush): "Antibiotics CANNOT be used for everything" Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios (AEMPS), Nov 17, 2020. "Things should be used for what they’re meant to be used for, and if not, they may hurt you. Antibiotics treat infections caused by bacteria; they do NOT cure viruses like the flu or colds, or relieve pain or fever. To make sure they keep working, only use them with a prescription. Both in humans and in animals. Because NO, antibiotics CANNOT be used for everything. Government of Spain."
27. Cambodia youth-led creativity 2024: "Breaking behavioural barriers: Fighting antibiotic misuse" Applying the principles and practices of the Communication for Health (C4H) approach, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a pilot campaign targeted at university students and youth in Cambodia’s capital Phnom Penh. Running for two weeks in December 2023, the campaign, both online and offline, employed humour and behavioural insights and resulted in more than a 30% increase in knowledge around the responsible use of antibiotics.
30. Data Visualization 2014: "The Antibiotic Abacus," Information Is Beautiful
35. Singapore PSA 2018 (boxing ring): "Are your antibiotics in the wrong fight?”
38. Canada personal story 2019: "Keep antibiotics working: A patient’s perspective"
39. UN animated explainer 2019 : "Antimicrobial Resistance Video - Asia and the Pacific Region (FAO, OIE, WHO, UNEP)"
40. Singapore PSA 2019 (singing pill): "I’m not the one you need (to recover faster)" Singapore’s Health Promotion Board (HPB), Nov 3, 2019. "[Music] I know you're down with the flu, and your work is piling up now. But trust me, I'm not the one. I'm not the one for you. I'm not the one you need to recover faster…. Everytime she goes 'achoo' and you want her to be well, now. But trust me, I'm not the one. [refrain] I know that cough annoys you, and I really want to help you, but I have no clue. [Refrain] [End music] Antibiotics will not help you recover faster from the flu, because they don't work on the flu virus. Check with your doctor on the treatment you need."
43. Singapore PSA 2018 (working late): "Antibiotics just don’t work on the flu virus."
44. Center for Accountability in Science PSA 2016 (green monster): "Fighting Antibiotic Resistance"
46. Singapore PSA 2022: "Don’t Play Doctor!" Singapore’s Health Promotion Board (HPB), Dec 15, 2022. "Actually, my strep throat doesn't hurt anymore. I'll just take one pill instead of two. Are you a doctor? Well, I feel better now. Misusing antibiotics can cause longer recovery time, and ineffective future treatments due to infections becoming antibiotic resistant. Remember, don't play doctor. Your friend, eh? Whoa, I need to share this."
48. UK explainer 2021: "Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - What does it mean and why it matters" 4 min 31 sec. UK Health Security Agency, Nov 19, 2021. "In this video explainer, Dr Diane Ashiru-Oredope PhD, Pharmacist Lead for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Stewardship and HCAI at the UK Health Security Agency, explains what AMR means and why it matters. What role do these microbes have on our planet? How do antimicrobials work? What are the origins of antimicrobial resistance and more importantly, what can you do to help reduce it? Chapters: 00:00 What are microbes? 00:35 Antimicrobials. 01:30 What is AMR? 03:02 How to reduce AMR"
49. Quadripartite Working Group on Youth Engagement for AMR
53. Amoeba Sisters explainer 2018: "Antibiotics, Antivirals, and Vaccines"
54. SciShow explainer 2023: "Antibiotic Resistance is SO COMPLICATED"
55. BBC StoryWorks documentary 2023: "Race Against Resistance: The Life And Death Struggle To Save Antibiotics" 36 min 4 sec. BBC StoryWorks, Sep 5, 2023. "From Tori, a college gymnast, who faced a once curable infection that escalated into a life-threatening crisis, to Kerry, battling relentless superbugs with numerous antibiotics after what seemed like a simple ear infection. Their experiences are not isolated incidents, as resistance to ordinary antibiotics is rising. Antimicrobial resistance is rapidly becoming one of the most severe global health crises, causing great concern throughout the scientific and medical communities. This documentary-style film sheds light on the alarming reality of this ticking time bomb and the efforts of doctors, scientists, and experts who are relentlessly working to safeguard the health and well-being of generations to come through ground-breaking research and innovative solutions."