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Worlding Electronic WasteMain MenuChapter 1 | IntroductionChapter 1 summary and figures.Chapter 2 | Waste/Non-WasteChapter 2 summary and figures.Chapter 3 | The Discard TestChapter 3 summary and figures.Chapter 4 | Charting Flows of Electronic WasteChapter 4 summary and figures.Chapter 6 | Weighty GeographiesChapter 6 summary and figures.Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eVisit MIT Press
Chapter 5 | Looking Again in a Different Way
12017-05-12T04:08:54-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e899416Chapter 5 summary and figures.plain4418602018-01-19T05:04:03-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eHow do we know e-waste? This chapter grapples with the inherent indeterminacy at the core of this question. This issue of indeterminacy partly derives from the absence of any non-arbitrary criteria by which to decide what to measure and where to measure it. Typically, e-waste is measured in terms of weight. However, though weight can offer some determinate measure of mass it may tell us little or nothing about toxicity. For example, 1 kilogram of aluminum and 1 kilogram of mercury are identical in terms of weight but completely different in terms of toxicity. E-waste is also largely measured as a post-consumer waste management problem, that is, a question of how many tons of electronics are being put in the waste stream by individuals or households. Yet, quantities of post-consumer discarded electronics are dwarfed by the discards that occur upstream in resource extraction for, and manufacturing of, electronics. If waste from those upstream parts of the existence of electronics were counted when the term e-waste is being used, the problem would look very different than one framed as a problem of what happens after consumers throw away their devices.
What this chapter deals with then is a problem of knowledge-that is, epistemology-with practical consequences. E-waste as a post-consumer problem suggests household recycling as the right solution. However, if most of the waste arising from electronics does so before consumers even purchase their devices, post-consumption recycling will do little or nothing to ameliorate that waste.
Contents of this path:
12017-05-12T03:55:13-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.14Total annual exports of e-waste from US compared to waste acid production at a single smelter. Circles above the icons are proportionate to the tons they represent.plain2017-11-08T11:52:05-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-12T04:18:58-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.23Abandoned automobiles near Great Salt Lake, 1974. Source: US National Archives Public Domain Image.plain2017-11-08T11:52:41-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-02T09:07:00-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.36The most frequently occurring words in titles, abstracts, and keywords of documents citing 'Exporting Harm'.plain2017-11-08T11:54:54-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-05T06:23:59-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.45Counts of the appearance of key terms in the corpus of literature citing 'Exporting Harm'.plain2017-11-08T11:55:56-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-02T09:22:24-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.510The co-appearance of terms in the titles, abstracts, or keywords of academic literature that cites 'Exporting Harm'. Relative frequency (y axis) measures the occurrence of terms relative to the total number of words that appear in a document. Documents have been grouped by their year of publication (x axis).plain2017-11-08T11:56:35-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12016-07-05T02:19:07-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.68A screenshot of a Google reverse image search conducted 30 May 2016 of the cover photo of BAN's Exporting Harm report. Place cursor over annotation boxes for further information.plain2017-11-08T11:57:12-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-02T10:00:04-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.73Results of Google image search performed 26 April 2017 for 'migrant child'.plain2017-11-08T11:57:56-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-02T10:16:44-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.86Visualization of most frequently occurring words on websites that contain the 'migrant child' image.plain2017-11-08T11:58:56-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
12017-05-02T10:31:04-07:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688eFigure 5.95The co-appearance of terms on websites that contain the 'migrant child' image.plain2017-11-08T11:59:44-08:00Josh Lepawsky31444794f29f45991a28c6c997946216e765688e
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12017-05-12T03:55:13-07:00Figure 5.14Total annual exports of e-waste from US compared to waste acid production at a single smelter. Circles above the icons are proportionate to the tons they represent.plain2017-11-08T11:52:05-08:00