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1. 1 2017-09-09T21:37:34-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Ways to Visualize this Collection Curtis Fletcher 5 plain 2017-09-09T22:23:47-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e

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1. 1 2016-12-16T13:54:48-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1740 8 Frederick ascends the throne of Prussia upon the death of his father Frederick William. He abandons peaceful pursuits to make his place in the geopolitical intrigue of 18th-century Europe. The Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI (1685-1740) dies leaving his daughter Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (1717-1780) as heir to both the Empire and the House of Hapsburg. Saxony, Prussia, Bavaria, and France all repudiate her claim as Holy Roman Empress. Frederick invades Silesia starting the War of the Austrian Succession. Emilie du Châtelet (1706-1749) publishes her Institutions de Physique. Her collaboration and romantic involvement with Voltaire is well-known and lasts for most of her adult life. plain 2017-09-09T23:31:25-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
2. 1 2016-12-16T15:08:04-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1741 6 Prussia consists of scattered territories across central Europe with few significant allies save for Great Britain. Sensing weakness in the Austrian Empire, Frederick deceives Habsburg Queen Maria Theresa to allow his armies to occupy Lower Silesia in exchange for protection from France, Spain, and Bavaria. He proceeds to invade key areas, forcing Maria Theresa to cede almost all of Silesia to Prussia. First performance of Mahomet, a play about religious fanaticism. plain 2017-09-09T23:28:43-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
3. 1 2016-12-16T15:09:08-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1742 5 Charles VII, prince-elector of Bavaria (1697-1745), becomes Holy Roman Emperor. Prussia and Austria sign peace treaty. Frederick builds a new opera house in Berlin. The celebrated mathematician/philosopher/scientist Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) becomes president of the Prussian Academy of Science. plain 2017-09-09T23:33:03-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
4. 1 media/vol-coll874-02-01-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:12:50-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick the Great to Voltaire - 1742 January 8 14 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-11-18T23:05:14-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
5. 1 media/vol-coll874-02-02-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:14:10-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick the Great to Voltaire - 1742 February 3 12 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-08-14T19:16:43-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
6. 1 media/vol-coll874-01-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:00:49-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick the Great to Voltaire - 1742 March 23 12 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-16T17:13:26-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
7. 1 media/vol-coll874-02-03-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:15:24-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick the Great to Voltaire - 1742 April 12 14 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-08-14T19:23:53-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
8. 1 media/1742 may 15 vol-coll874-10-01~1.jpg media/1742 may 15 vol-coll874-10-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-11T15:37:43-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Frederick the Great - 1742 May 15 85 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-11T14:03:48-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
9. 1 media/1742 aug 29 vol-coll874-09-01~1.jpg media/1742 aug 29 vol-coll874-09-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T23:26:18-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Frederick the Great - 1742 August 29 40 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-11-11T17:22:52-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
10. 1 2016-12-16T15:09:42-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1743 4 Voltaire is elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London and visits Frederick in Berlin. plain 2017-09-09T23:38:37-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
11. 1 2016-12-16T15:10:22-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1744 3 England, Austria, Netherlands and Saxony sign anti-Prussian Quadruple Alliance. France and Prussia sign peace treaty. Frederick, initiated into Freemasonry in 1738, grants his royal protection to the National Grand Lodge of Germany. plain 2017-04-10T08:41:24-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
12. 1 2016-12-16T15:12:13-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1745 5 Frederick defeats both Austrian and Saxon forces in three major battles to hold on to Silesia. Frederick commissions the architect Hans Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff (1699-1753) to build the Sanssouci Palace in Potsdam. Jean-Philippe Rameau’s (1683-1764) opera-ballet La princesse de Navarre (text from Voltaire’s play) is performed in Versailles in the Théâtre du château. Jeanne Antoinette Poisson (1721-1764) is introduced to the royal court of Versailles and becomes the chief mistress of King Louis XV. She is henceforth known as Madame de Pompadour. At her urging, the king appoints Voltaire Royal Historiographer of France, a title bestowed upon him as a result of his histories of both Louis XIV and the Swedish King Charles II. Francis I, François Étienne, (1708-1765) becomes Holy Roman Emperor. plain 2017-09-09T23:42:06-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
13. 1 2016-12-16T15:12:58-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1746 3 Frederick establishes the first German code of law. Denis Diderot (1713-1784) publishes his Pensées philosophiques wherein deism is postulated and argued for over other forms of theism. Jean-Philippe Rameau’s opera-ballet Le temple de la gloire (libretto by Voltaire) is staged at the Grande Écurie in Versailles. plain 2017-04-10T08:41:38-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
14. 1 2016-12-16T15:13:42-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1747 4 Julien Offray de La Mettrie (1709-1751) publishes anonymously the treatise L'Homme Machine arguing that man is nothing more than a composite of complex matter. Fearing imprisonment, he goes to Berlin where he writes Discours sur le Bonheur arguing in favor for hedonistic sensualism, an ethical position that outrages Voltaire and most Enlightenment philosophers. plain 2017-09-09T23:41:08-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
15. 1 2016-12-16T15:14:22-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1748 4 The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession, granting Prussia all of Silesia and Spain the Duchy of Parma. Voltaire flees to the court of Stanislas (Louis XV’s father-in-law) in Lunéville near Nancy. plain 2017-09-09T23:43:21-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
16. 1 2016-12-16T15:15:05-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1749 4 Denis Diderot publishes his Lettre sur les aveugles, a treatise arguing for the notion of "thinking matter" (following La Mettrie) and demonstrating that the “argument by design” is unconvincing. He is incarcerated in the Vincennes fortress, later to be released on Voltaire’s behest. Émilie du Châtelet completes her translation and commentary of Newton’s Principia Mathematica. It will be published posthumously in 1759. Voltaire returns to Paris when Mme du Châtelet dies this year. plain 2017-09-09T23:44:26-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
17. 1 2016-12-16T15:15:42-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1750 3 Denis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (1717-1783) publish an elaborate prospectus announcing the project of the Encyclopédie. plain 2017-04-10T08:43:02-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
18. 1 2016-12-16T15:18:27-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1750-1753 4 Frederick invites Voltaire to Berlin. plain 2017-09-09T23:45:16-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
19. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:51:49-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Jeanne Antoinette Pompadour - 1750 August 20 9 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-03T10:08:12-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
20. 1 2016-12-16T15:33:48-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1751-1765 3 First Seventeen volumes of the Encyclopédie are published. plain 2017-04-10T08:44:20-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
21. 1 2016-12-16T15:34:30-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1752 5 Voltaire writes the satirical essay Diatribe du docteur Akakia attacking Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis’ theories and his abuse of power as president of the Berlin Academy of Science. Voltaire writes Micromégas, a fantasy satirizing the follies of human knowledge. plain 2017-09-09T23:48:23-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
22. 1 2016-12-16T15:35:15-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1753 4 King Louis XV disbands the French parliament. Serious disagreements with Frederick leads to Voltaire’s departure from Berlin. plain 2017-09-09T23:47:46-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
23. 1 2016-12-16T15:35:59-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1755 3 Voltaire moves to Geneva, where he purchases Les Délices, accompanied by his niece Madame Denis, Marie Louise Mignot (1712–1790), who remains with him for the rest of his life. The Great Earthquake of Lisbon occurs on All Saints Day (November 1st). This historical event will have lasting philosophical influence for deism’s position on the problem of natural evil and the ontological unacceptability to the idea of an omnipotent God. plain 2017-04-10T08:45:31-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
24. 1 2016-12-16T15:36:43-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1756 3 Austria, backed by France and Russia, tries to regain control of Silesia. Frederick strikes preemptively, invading Saxony, and with his ally Great Britain, starts the Seven Years War. plain 2017-04-10T08:45:45-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
25. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:44:32-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Louis La Valliere to Voltaire - 1756 March 1 8 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-03T10:53:52-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
26. 1 2016-12-16T15:37:25-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1757 4 Voltaire acts as unofficial diplomatic intermediary between France and Prussia after the outbreak of the Seven Years War in 1756. Robert-François Damiens (1715-1757) attempts to assassinate King Louis XV. The Holy Roman Empire declares war on Prussia. In the Battle at Prague, Frederik beats the army of the Holy Roman Empire. However, at the Battle at Kolin in Bohemia, the Austrian army beats Prussia and three months later occupies Berlin for one night. The city is ransomed for 2000,000 thalers. plain 2017-09-10T11:21:03-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
27. 1 2016-12-16T15:38:05-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1758 3 Voltaire moves to Ferney. At Zorndorf, Prussia beats the Russian army with over a thousand casualties. At Hochkirch in Saxony, the Austrian army beats Prussia, but fails to take Dresden. Saxony remains under Prussian rule. Voltaire visits the Elector Palatine at Schwetzingen, near Mannheim. plain 2017-04-10T08:46:00-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
28. 1 media/vol-coll874-03-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:18:12-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick the Great to Voltaire - 1758 January 16 13 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-08-14T19:26:24-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
29. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:48:48-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Sabina Von Bassewitz to Voltaire - 1762 March 9 5 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-10T00:53:50-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
30. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:43:33-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Cideville - 1762 May 24 8 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-03T11:01:16-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
31. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:49:44-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Sabina Von Bassewitz to Voltaire - 1762 June 27 5 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-10T00:54:40-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
32. 1 2016-12-16T17:10:28-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1763 3 The Treaty of Hubertusburg is signed by Prussia, Austria and Saxony. Together with the Treaty of Paris, it marks the end of the Seven Years' War. Frederick reforms the military and government, granting religious tolerance and freedom of the press. Publication of Voltaire’s Traité sur la Tolérance denouncing religious intolerance and the execution of Jean Calas in 1761. plain 2017-04-10T08:47:37-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
33. 1 2016-12-16T17:11:13-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1764 3 Voltaire publishes the Dictionnaire philosophique, an encyclopedic dictionary that embraces the concepts of the Enlightenment and argues against certain dogmas of the Roman Catholic Church. Madame de Pompadour dies at the age of 42. The Jesuits are suppressed in France. plain 2017-04-10T08:47:44-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
34. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T23:27:52-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Comte and Countess d'Argental - 1764 April 25 6 plain 2017-11-19T10:46:24-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
35. 1 2016-12-16T17:12:02-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1765 3 Because of Voltaire intersession, Jean Calas is posthumously exonerated on all charges. Joseph II, Joseph Benedikt Anton Michael Adam (1741-1790), becomes Holy Roman Emperor. plain 2017-04-10T08:48:40-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
36. 1 2016-12-16T17:12:37-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1766 4 The Chevalier de la Barre is executed in Amiens, for mutilating a crucifix. Voltaire publishes Le Philosophe ignorant. plain 2017-08-13T10:24:17-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
37. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:20:41-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1766 August 7 12 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-08-14T19:38:49-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
38. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:21:44-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1766 August 13 12 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-09T19:25:44-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
39. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:24:19-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1766 September 1 25 See a translation of this letter. plain 2018-08-21T22:04:47-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
40. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:25:17-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1766 September 13 8 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-09T21:09:57-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
41. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:22:52-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1766 November 3 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:03:55-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
42. 1 2016-12-16T17:13:33-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1767 3 Voltaire’s L’Ingénu is published. This book is about a Huron called "Child of Nature" who arrives in France and sees the world in a 'natural' way, causing him to interpret things directly. It is a satirical criticism of intolerance, fanaticism, and the Catholic clergy. plain 2017-04-10T08:51:52-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
43. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T23:28:30-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Comte d'Argental - 1769 April 9 5 plain 2017-11-19T10:47:32-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
44. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T23:29:01-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Comte d'Argental - 1769 August 30 5 plain 2017-11-19T10:47:19-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
45. 1 media/1769 dec 9 V to F vol-coll874-11-01~1 .jpg media/1769 dec 9 V to F vol-coll874-11-01~1 .jpg term 2016-12-16T22:41:37-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Frederick the Great - 1769 December 9 17 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-11-11T17:23:15-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
46. 1 2016-12-16T17:14:18-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1770 3 Baron d’Holbach publishes Le Système de la nature, an explicitly atheistic and materialistic account of natural philosophy. Marie Antoinette (1755-1793) marries Louis-Auguste, grandson to Louis XV. Voltaire’s Questions sur l’Encyclopédie is published in nine volumes until 1772. plain 2017-04-10T08:50:53-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
47. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:27:13-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1770 January 4 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:56:51-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
48. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:29:03-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1770 February 17 9 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:56:45-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
49. 1 media/1770 march 9 V to F vol-coll874-12-01~1.jpg media/1770 march 9 V to F vol-coll874-12-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T22:42:40-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Frederick the Great - 1770 March 9 12 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-11-11T17:23:40-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
50. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:30:01-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1770 May 24 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:58:51-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
51. 1 media/1770 june 8 V to F vol-coll874-13-01~1.jpg media/1770 june 8 V to F vol-coll874-13-01~1.jpg term 2016-12-16T23:26:52-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Frederick the Great - 1770 June 8 11 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-11-11T17:24:11-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
52. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:30:59-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1770 July 7 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:21:30-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
53. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:31:57-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Frederick to Voltaire - 1770 August 18 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-09-09T21:56:51-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
54. 1 2016-12-16T17:15:10-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1772 3 The eleven volumes of plates are completed for the Encyclopédie. plain 2017-04-10T08:50:46-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
55. 1 2016-12-16T17:15:53-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1774 3 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) publishes his novel Die Leiden des jungen Werthers. His play Götz von Berlichingen is premiered in Berlin. Both are definitive works of the Storm and Stress period of German literature. Louis XV dies and his grandson becomes Louis XVI. Publication of Voltaire’s Le Taureau blanc, loosely based on the Greek mythological tale of Europa and the bull. In Voltaire’s tale the Bible is put on the same level as the myths from Ovid and various biblical teachings are ridiculed. plain 2017-04-10T08:50:38-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
56. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:50:40-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Jean Le Rond d'Alembert - 1774 June 4 6 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-03T13:15:09-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
57. 1 2016-12-16T17:16:51-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1775 3 Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799) stages his play Le Barbier de Séville at the Comédie-Française. Christoph Willibald Gluck (1714-1787) stages his opera Iphigénie en Aulide at the Salle du Palais-Royal in Paris The premiere sparks a huge controversy demonstrating the Enlightenment’s preference for classicism in music and the arts, with its emphasis on balance and clarity of form, over the ostentation and ornateness of baroque music and art. Jean-Jacques Rousseau and other writers associated with the Encyclopédie side with the aesthetic ideals of classicism. plain 2017-04-10T08:52:05-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
58. 1 media/letter_thumbnail_generic.jpeg term 2016-12-16T22:45:48-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e Voltaire to Derrey de Rocqueville - 1777 (EE: 1769 July 12) 5 See a translation of this letter. plain 2017-10-03T13:16:52-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
59. 1 2016-12-16T17:17:32-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1778 3 Voltaire returns to Paris in February. He sits for the sculptor Houdon. He attends a meeting of the Académie Française. He is present at the Comédie Française for a triumphal performance of his tragedy Irène. Taken ill he dies on 30 May, one month after his initiation into Freemasonry. He cannot be buried in consecrated ground, and his body is smuggled out of Paris by night and interred at Scellières, in Champagne. Louis XVI declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain. plain 2017-04-10T08:50:31-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
60. 1 2016-12-16T17:18:07-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1781 3 Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais completes Le Mariage de Figaro. The play initially passed by the censor is banned by Louis XVI after a private reading. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) publishes the first edition of the Kritik der reinen Vernunft. plain 2017-04-10T08:50:13-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
61. 1 2016-12-16T17:18:40-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1783 3 Gotthold Ephraim Lessing’s (1729-1781) play Nathan der Weise, a fervent plea for religious tolerance, is staged in Berlin. plain 2017-04-10T08:49:17-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
62. 1 2016-12-16T17:19:29-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1784-1789 3 A complete edition of Voltaire’s writings is published in seventy volumes (the Kehl edition), under the direction of Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais. plain 2017-04-10T08:49:09-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
63. 1 2016-12-16T17:20:26-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1785 3 Cardinal de Rohan is arrested in Paris for his involvement in the infamous “Necklace Affair” that led to a huge decline in the Queen's popularity and encouraged the popular image of her as a manipulative spendthrift, interested more in vanity than in the welfare of France and the French. plain 2017-04-10T08:49:03-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
64. 1 2016-12-16T17:21:09-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1786 3 Frederick the Great dies. His paternal nephew Frederick William (1744-1797) becames King of Prussia, as Frederick William II. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) stages his opera Le nozze di Figaro (based on the Beaumarchais play) at the Burgtheater in Vienna. plain 2017-04-10T08:52:41-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
65. 1 2016-12-16T17:21:44-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1788 3 Madame de Stael (Anne Louise Germaine de Stael-Holstein, 1766-1817) publishes Lettres sur les ouvrages et le caractère de J.-J. Rousseau. plain 2017-04-10T08:52:33-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
66. 1 2016-12-16T17:22:32-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1789 3 The French Revolution begins with the Storming of the Bastille. plain 2017-04-10T08:52:26-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e
67. 1 2016-12-16T17:23:07-08:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e 1791 3 In July, in an enthusiastic Revolutionary ceremony, Voltaire’s remains are brought back to Paris and placed in the Panthéon. Inscribed on the catafalque are the words: “He taught us to be free.” plain 2017-04-10T08:52:19-07:00 Curtis Fletcher 3225f3b99ebb95ebd811595627293f68f680673e

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• 1 media/voltaire_timeline_icon.png 2016-12-10T13:38:50-08:00 Timeline of Voltaire's Correspondence 50 See an interactive timeline of all letters and events in this collection. plain 2020-10-14T12:33:17-07:00

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• 1 media/voltaire_timeline_icon.png 2016-12-10T13:38:50-08:00 Timeline of Voltaire's Correspondence 50 See an interactive timeline of all letters and events in this collection. plain 2020-10-14T12:33:17-07:00