6.1 Growth of an Industrial and Urban America
Explain the causes and consequences — both positive and negative — of the Industrial Revolution and America’s growth from a predominantly agricultural, commercial, and rural nation to a more industrial and urban nation between 1870 and 1930.

6.1.1 Factors in the American Second Industrial Revolution – analyze the factors that enabled the United States to become a major industrial power, including: the organizational revolution, the economic policies of government and industrial leaders, the advantages of physical geography, the increase in labor through immigration and migration, and the growing importance of the automobile industry.

6.1.2 Labor’s Response to Industrial Growth – evaluate the different responses of labor to industrial change, including the development of organized labor and the growth of populism and the populist movement.

6.1.3 Urbanization – explain the causes and consequences of urbanization, including: the location and expansion of major urban centers and their link to industry and trade, internal migration, including the Great Migration, the development of cities divided by race, ethnicity, and class, as well as the resulting tensions among and within groups, and different perspectives about the immigrant experience.

6.1.4 Growth and Change – explain the social, political, economic, and cultural shifts taking place in the United States at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, by: describing the developing systems of transportation (canals and railroads, including the Transcontinental Railroad), and their impact on the economy and society, describing governmental policies promoting economic development, evaluating the treatment of African Americans, including the rise of segregation in the South as endorsed by the Supreme Court’s decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, and describing the response of African-Americans to this inequality, and describing the policies toward Indigenous Peoples, including removal, reservations, the Dawes Act of 1887, and the response of Indigenous Peoples to these policies.

6.2 Becoming a World Power
Describe and analyze the major changes – both positive and negative – in the role the United States played in world affairs after the Civil War, and explain the causes and consequences of this changing role.

6.2.1 Growth of U.S. Global Power – describe how America redeemed its foreign policy between 1890 and 1914 and analyze the causes and consequences of the U.S. emergence as an imperial power in this time period, using relevant examples of territorial expansion and involvement in foreign conflicts.

6.2.2 World War I – explain the causes of World War I, the reasons for American neutrality and eventual entry into the war, and America’s role in shaping the course of the war.

6.2.3 Domestic Impact of World War I – analyze the domestic impact of World War I on the growth of the government, the expansion of the economy, the restrictions on civil liberties, the expansion of women’s suffrage, and on internal migration.

6.2.4 Wilson and His Opponents – explain how President Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” differed from proposals by others, including French and British leaders and domestic opponents, in the debate over: the Treaty of Versailles, U.S. participation in the League of Nations, and the redrawing of European political boundaries and the resulting geopolitical tensions that continued to affect Europe.

6.3 Progressive Era
Select and evaluate major public and social issues emerging from the changes in industrial, urban, and global America during this period; analyze the solutions or resolutions developed by America and their consequences (positive/negative – anticipated/unanticipated).

6.3.1 Describe the extent to which industrialization and urbanization between 1895 and 1930 created the need for progressive reform.

6.3.2 Analyze the social, political, economic, and cultural changes that occurred during the Progressive Era.

6.3.3 Evaluate the historical impact of the Progressive Era with regard to governmental and industrial reforms.

6.3.4 Women’s Suffrage – Analyze the successes and failures of efforts to expand women’s rights, including the work of important leaders and the eventual ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.

USHG ERA 7 – THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND WORLD WAR II (1920-1945)

7.1 Growing Crisis of Industrial Capitalism and Responses
Evaluate the key events and decisions surrounding the causes and consequences of the global depression of the 1930s and World War II.

7.1.1 The Twenties – explain and evaluate the significance of the social, cultural, and political changes and tensions in the “Roaring Twenties” including: cultural movements such as the Jazz Age, the Harlem Renaissance, and the “Lost Generation", the increasing role of advertising and its impact on consumer purchases, and the NAACP legal strategy to attack segregation.

7.1.2 Causes and Consequences of the Great Depression – explain and evaluate the multiple causes and consequences of the Great Depression by analyzing: the political, economic, environmental, and social causes of the Great Depression, including fiscal policy, overproduction, underconsumption, speculation, the 1929 crash, and the Dust Bowl, the economic and social toll of the Great Depression, including unemployment and environmental conditions that affected farmers, industrial workers, and families, and President Herbert Hoover’s policies and their impact, including the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

7.1.3 The New Deal Era – explain and evaluate President Franklin Roosevelt’s policies and tactics during the New Deal era, including: the changing role of the federal government’s responsibilities to protect the environment, meet challenges of unemployment, and to address the needs of workers, farmers, Indigenous Peoples, the poor, and the elderly, opposition to the New Deal and the impact of the Supreme Court in striking down and then accepting New Deal laws, the impact of the Supreme Court on evaluating the constitutionality of various New Deal policies, and consequences of New Deal policies.

7.2.1 Causes of World War II – analyze the factors contributing to World War II in Europe and in the Pacific region, and America’s entry into war, including: political and economic disputes over territory, the differences in the civic and political values of the United States and those of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, U.S. neutrality, and the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

7.2.2 United States and the Course of World War II – evaluate the role of the United States in fighting the war militarily, diplomatically, and technologically across the world.

7.2.3 Impact of World War II on American Life – analyze the changes in American life brought about by U.S. participation in World War II, including: the mobilization of economic, military, and social resources, the role of women, African Americans, and ethnic minority groups in the war effort, including the work of A. Philip Randolph and the integration of U.S. military forces, the role of the home front in supporting the war effort, and the conflict and consequences around the internment of Japanese-Americans.

7.2.4 Responses to Genocide – investigate the responses to Hitler’s “Final Solution” policy by the Allies, the U.S. government, international organizations, and individuals.

USHG ERA 8 – POST-WORLD WAR II UNITED STATES (1945-1989)

8.1 Cold War and the United States
Individually and collaboratively, students will engage in planned inquiries to investigate the social transformation of post-war United States, how the Cold War and conflicts in Korea and Vietnam influenced domestic and international politics, and how the struggle for racial and gender equality and the extension of civil liberties impacted the United States.

8.1.1 Origins and Beginnings of the Cold War – analyze the factors that contributed to the Cold War, including: differences in the civic, ideological, and political values, and in the economic and governmental institutions, of the United States and the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.), and diplomatic and political actions by both the United States and the U.S.S.R. in the last years of World War II and the years afterward.

8.1.2 Foreign Policy During the Cold War – compare the causes and consequences of the American policy of containment including: the development and growth of a U.S. national security establishment and intelligence community, the direct and/or armed con icts with Communism (for example, but not limited to: Berlin, Korea, Cuba), U.S. involvement in Vietnam, and the foreign and domestic consequences of the war, indirect (or proxy) confrontations within specific world regions, and the arms race and its implications on science, technology, and education.

8.1.3 End of the Cold War – describe the factors that led to the end of the Cold War.

8.2 Domestic Policies
Investigate demographic changes, domestic policies, conflicts, and tensions in post- World War II America.

8.2.1 Demographic Changes – use population data to produce and analyze maps that show the major changes in population distribution and spatial patterns and density, including the Baby Boom, new immigration, suburbanization, reverse migration of African-Americans to the South, the Indian Relocation Act of 1956, and the flow of population to the Sunbelt.

8.2.2 Policy Concerning Domestic Issues – analyze major domestic issues in the post-World War II era and the policies designed to meet the challenges by: describing issues challenging Americans, such as domestic anticommunism (McCarthyism), labor, poverty, health care, infrastructure, immigration, and the environment, and evaluating policy decisions and legislative actions to meet these challenges.

8.2.3 Comparing Domestic Policies – focusing on causes, programs, and impacts, compare and contrast President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal initiatives, President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society programs, and President Ronald Reagan’s market-based domestic policies.

8.2.4 Domestic Conflicts and Tensions – analyze and evaluate the competing perspectives and controversies among Americans generated by U.S. Supreme Court decisions, the Vietnam War, the environmental movement, the movement for Civil Rights (See U.S. History Standards 8.3) and the constitutional crisis generated by the Watergate scandal.

8.3 Civil Rights in the Post-World War II Era
Examine and analyze the Civil Rights Movement using key events, people, and organizations.

8.3.1 Civil Rights Movement – analyze key events, ideals, documents, and organizations in the struggle for African-American civil rights including: the impact of World War II and the Cold War, responses to Supreme Court decisions and governmental actions, the Civil Rights Act (1964), protest movements, rights, organizations, and civil actions.

8.3.2 Ideals of the Civil Rights Movement – compare and contrast the ideas in Martin Luther King’s March on Washington speech to the ideas expressed in the Declaration of Independence, the Seneca Falls Resolution, and the Gettysburg Address.

8.3.3 Women’s Rights – analyze the causes, course, and reaction to the women’s rights movement in the 1960s and 1970s.

8.3.4 Civil Rights Expanded – evaluate the major accomplishments and setbacks in securing civil rights and liberties for all Americans over the 20th century.

8.3.5 Tensions and Reactions to Poverty and Civil Rights – analyze the causes and consequences of the civil unrest that occurred in American cities, by comparing civil unrest in Detroit with at least one other American city.

USHG ERA 9 – AMERICA IN A NEW GLOBAL AGE

9.1 The Impact of Globalization on the United States
Explain the impact of globalization on the U.S. economy, politics, society, and role in the world.

9.1.1 Economic Changes – using the changing nature of the American automobile industry as a case study, evaluate changes in the American economy created by new markets, natural resources, technologies, corporate structures, international competition, new sources/methods of production, energy issues, and mass communication.

9.1.2 Transformation of American Politics – analyze the transformation of American politics in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, including: the growth of the conservative movement in national politics, including the role of Ronald Reagan, the role of evangelical religion in national politics, the intensification of partisanship, the partisan conflict over the role of government in American life, and the role of regional differences in national politics.

9.2 Changes in America’s Role in the World
Examine the shifting role of the United States on the world stage from 1980 to the present.

9.2.1 United States in the Post-Cold War World – explain the role of the United States as a superpower in the post-Cold War world, including advantages, disadvantages, and new challenges.

9.2.2 9/11 and Responses to Terrorism – analyze how the attacks on 9/11 and the response to terrorism have altered American domestic and international policies.