Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 40 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonial period in Nigeria began with the slave trade in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," British traders settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the people of the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony," the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria achieved its independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. Because the colonial powers drew national borders around so many different groups, the postcolonial history includes the struggle for power among various factions. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
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| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," British traders settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the people of the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony," the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria achieved its independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. Because the colonial powers drew national borders around so many different groups, the postcolonial history includes the struggle for power among various factions. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
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| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," British traders settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the people of the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony," the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
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| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
|
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 36 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 35 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth entitled "Nigeria: History," the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. "Nigeria: History" also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. *** Resource Extraction Paragraph Here *** Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 34 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Commonwealth on the history of Nigeria, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas ("Nigeria; History). However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. The Commonwealth also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business (Nigeria: History"). According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
|
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 33 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial History of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Common Wealth on the history of Nigeria, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. The Common Wealth also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
|
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 32 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Common Wealth on the history of Nigeria, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. The Common Wealth also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
|
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 31 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Common Wealth on the history of Nigeria, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, the article written by John Edward Phillips entitled "What's New About African History?" states that the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. The Common Wealth also states that by the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to Google Culture Institute's "Birth of the Nigerian Colony," they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to an article written by Toyin Falola titled "Nigeria as a Colony", the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. Falola also writes that in order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. According to Falola, the British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence (Falola). The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited
|
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 30 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. The British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence. (Brit) The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 29 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. The British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. The response of the British included slowly changing the governing system within Nigeria in order to allow the Nigerian people to have more of a voice. However, this resulted in further divisions and disagreements among Nigerians. Near the mid 20th century, many groups in Nigeria were fearful of gaining independence, for they knew the major ethnic groups would gain control of the new country. However, by 1960, Nigeria was granted independence. (Brit) The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 28 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. Following WWII, Kamerun (Cameroon), a former German colony, was to be divided based on a League of Nations Mandate between the British and the French. The British added their part of the Former German colony to Nigeria, and once again, the diversity within the borders of Nigeria expanded. The British had a hard time keeping control of Nigeria, partly due to the trouble between groups and partly due to Pan-Africanism and the struggle to liberate black people form racism and European domination. The movement inspired the first political party of Nigeria, which fought against the British rule via the youth, the media, the educated, and the farmers. *More to come here* The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 27 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. *More to come here* The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 26 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly, adding further tensions to the area by separating people in both religion and politics. *More to come here* The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 25 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Histoy of Nigeria: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to the common wealth article, the Portuguese paved the way for the slave trade, and Nigeria was a big area of business for them. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons in other areas. However, according to (History News Network) the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many Nigerians, this was their main source of income. (common wealth) By the 18th century, the British had replaced the Portuguese as the leaders of the slave- trade business. According to culture institute, they settled in Nigeria around this time in an area that surrounded the Niger River known as Lagos. The abolition of the slave trade was the key moment to when the British truly “intervened in the region.” They placed their focus on obtaining goods to increase their ability to trade, as well as on converting the area, which was previously heavily Muslim, to Christianity. The British began their colonization of the area by slowly moving around the area and defeating different power heads in order to obtain more trading goods. According to Britannica, the British government gained control over the Royal Niger Company’s territories, and added on lower regions near the river to create the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. The British kept their control over Nigeria via indirect rule, which meant that local leaders would govern the area under orders of the British. This way, the British could profit from the economy of Nigeria that, because of their intervention, was based primarily on the export of different crops including palm oil, cacao, and peanuts, while also not getting in the way of ethnic tensions. (Brit) In order to deal with the diversity of groups of the area they had essentially created and defined as a colony, the British created a “divide and rule policy” that could keep different Nigerian groups as far away from one another as possible. Further divisions among the country came about from the fact that “traditional authorities” led the north, and subsequently Islam resisted the spread of Christianity. The south, however, was home of a “political hierarchy” in which the British “ruled through those who were most malleable.” Here Christianity spread quickly. The added further tensions of the area by separating people in religion and politics. *More to come here* The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. *Works Cited Page To Be Inserted in the Near Future * |
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 24 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme (((In the process of being rewritten/ reworked))) The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. [Kaitlyn, it looks like you have lost a huge chunk of your page. Go down to the bottom of the page and click on "all versions" of the page and go back to version 18 to recover what you have lost. You can also go back to previous versions from the dashboard (wrench icon).] |
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Version 23
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 23 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme (((In the process of being rewritten/ reworked))) The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. [Kaitlyn, it looks like you have lost a huge chunk of your page. Go down to the bottom of the page and click on "all versions" of the page and go back to version 18 to recover what you have lost. You can also go back to previous versions from the dashboard (wrench icon).] |
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Version 22
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 22 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. [Kaitlyn, it looks like you have lost a huge chunk of your page. Go down to the bottom of the page and click on "all versions" of the page and go back to version 18 to recover what you have lost. You can also go back to previous versions from the dashboard (wrench icon).] |
| default view | scalar:defaultView | image_header |
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Version 21
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 21 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. [Kaitlyn, it looks like you have lost a huge chunk of your page. Go down to the versions of the page and go back to version 18 to recover what you have lost. You can also go back to previous versions from the dashboard.] |
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Version 20
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 20 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. |
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Version 19
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 19 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. |
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Version 18
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 18 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. Fisher also writes that in the 18th Century, Britain replaced the Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. [Are you sure all of the preceding is from Fisher? I read the article and I think you may be drawing at least partially on other sources for some of this history. Clean it up please.] The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the borders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence on Nigerian borders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. [a map would be helpful to illustrate this change of borders--or using the map below, identify which areas were effectively added as a result of Germany's loss] The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries [wrong word? territory?]. The new leaders, however, saw it most fit to keep the borders the same in order to avoid conflict. Nevertheless, the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. [Could you say something here about how this history affects the Niger River Delta States more specifically? Maybe also a sentence or two about how oil wealth and oil extraction becomes both a centripedal and centrifugal force for national and regional identity and power politics?] The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited Fisher, Max. "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company. 10 September 2010. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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Version 17
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 17 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: Slave Trade, Resource Extraction, Palm Oil, and the Invention of a National Territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from The Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. Fisher also writes that in the 18th Century, Britain replaced the Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. [Are you sure all of the preceding is from Fisher? I read the article and I think you may be drawing at least partially on other sources for some of this history. Clean it up please.] The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the borders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence on Nigerian borders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. [a map would be helpful to illustrate this change of borders--or using the map below, identify which areas were effectively added as a result of Germany's loss] The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries [wrong word? territory?]. The new leaders, however, saw it most fit to keep the borders the same in order to avoid conflict. Nevertheless, the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. [Could you say something here about how this history affects the Niger River Delta States more specifically? Maybe also a sentence or two about how oil wealth and oil extraction becomes both a centripedal and centrifugal force for national and regional identity and power politics?] The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited Fisher, Max. "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company. 10 September 2010. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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Version 16
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 16 |
| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from the Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. Fisher also writes that in the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited Fisher, Max. "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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Version 15
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| versionnumber | ov:versionnumber | 15 |
| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from the Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. Fisher also writes that in the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited Fisher, Max. "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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Version 14
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from the Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." Max Fisher. The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from the Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." Max Fisher. The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. According to an article from the Atlantic that was written by Max Fisher, prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. The British Broadcasting Channel, or BBC, states that throughout the early 20th century the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Additionally, a large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. The History News Network, in an article entitled "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade," states that following WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. The increasing population as well as the many different groups within the country has been just one issue that has hindered Nigeria from prospering. To learn about other issues regarding Nigeria's population and government in the viewpoint of a Nigerian author, see this page. Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." Max Fisher. The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria : History." Nigeria : History. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria : History." Nigeria : History. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria#/media/File:Population_density_map_of_Nigerian_states_-_English.png Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria : History." Nigeria : History. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. The following map shows 21st century Nigeria and the major ethnic groups that live within the country. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria#/media/File:Population_density_map_of_Nigerian_states_-_English.png Works Cited "The Dividing of a Continent: Africa's Separatist Problem." The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company, n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2016. "It's Time to Face the Whole Truth About the Atlantic Slave Trade." History News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria : History." Nigeria : History. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2016. "Nigeria Profile- Timeline." BBC. N.p., 12 June 2015. Web. 15 Mar. 2016. |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to avoid conflict. However, the the different ethnic groups sharing boundaries proved to be a major source of conflict in the years that followed. Sources: bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696 Historynewsnetwork.org The Atlantic http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria/history#sthash.njn0OBjq.dpuf |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to reduce increased conflict. Sources: bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696 Historynewsnetwork.org The Atlantic http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria/history#sthash.njn0OBjq.dpuf |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory |
| content | sioc:content | By Kaitlyn Alme The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to reduce increased conflict. Sources: bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696 Historynewsnetwork.org The Atlantic http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria/history#sthash.njn0OBjq.dpuf |
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| title | dcterms:title | 1.2 Colonial Subjugation of People, Land, and Nature: slave trade, resource extraction, palm oil, and the invention of a national territory (Kaitlyn) |
| content | sioc:content | The colonization of Nigeria ultimately began with the slave trade that was occurring in the 15th century. Prior to the British, the Portuguese were the rulers of the slave trade. They sold slaves in order to obtain spices and weapons. However, the Nigerians themselves were the ones who provided the slaves. Tensions between different ethnic groups and tribes caused prisoners of war, so to speak, who would be sold to the Portuguese as slaves. For many, this was their main source of income. In the 18th Century, Britain replaced Portuguese as the rulers of the slave trade. Millions of Nigerian slaves were now being sold over seas to the Americas. However, once the slave trade was banned by the British empire in 1807, the British found another way to gain profits from Nigeria: through trade in palm oil. It wasn't until 1900 that Britain had conquered the powerful groups of the area and officially gained control of Nigeria. They exercised their control through indirect rule, meaning there were local leaders that had direct control over Nigeria rather than the British. Throughout the early 20th century, the British created the boarders as they saw fit and profitable. Another large influence of Nigerian boarders was World War Two. Germany was forced to give up its colonies by order of the League of Nations, and in turn, the former German colony Kamerun was added to Nigeria. Later after WWII, Nigeria regained control of its countries. The new leaders however, saw it most fit to keep the boarders the same in order to reduce increased conflict. Sources: bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696bbc.com/news/world-aftica-13951696 Historynewsnetwork.org The Atlantic http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/nigeria/history#sthash.njn0OBjq.dpuf |
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