COVID-19 Pandemic Perspectives

Climatologists (John Olson)

 

Paul Abela - Why Covid-19 Is Great for the Environment but Terrible for the Economy

Paul Abela, an editorial writer for A Medium Corporation, highlights the potential environmental impacts associated with Covid-19 and how the Federal Government's response to this global health crisis differs from their response, to climate change.
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https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/why-corvid-19-is-great-for-the-environment-but-terrible-for-the-economy-13893af63943>



Analytical Essay: An Environmentalist's Perspective on Covid-19

The process of developing large scale economic alterations in order to adequately respond to global health catastrophes has been put into practice as a result of the recent Covid-19 pandemic. Having acted swiftly and quickly, government officials have implemented restrictions on business operations, transportation services, and non-essential services to minimize the spread of this deadly virus. However, despite the prioritization of saving lives in regards to this short-term threat, environmentalists,  climatologists, and economists alike have come to recognize the discrepancies between the response to Covid-19 and the much more existential threat of climate change. According to Paul Abela, a environmental journalist for The Medium,   “The reaction to Covid-19 highlights how quickly we can react and make changes when faced with a threat… Herein lies the ultimate problem with the climate crisis: It doesn’t evoke the same kind of urgency a deadly virus does,” (Abela, 2020). The urgency with which political institutions have been responding to this pandemic has caused climate experts to feel a sense of betrayal and frustration with the system’s lack of respect for the overwhelming volume of data that has been made available. 

This feeling of disregard is not new among those within the environmental field. Rather than focusing on prevention efforts, governments have relied solely on allocating resources and implementing legislation in order to fuel clean-up efforts associated with an environmental catastrophe that can be partially or completely attributed to climate change (such as that of Covid-19). Lydia Grossman, a graduate student in the International Affairs program at The University of Mary Washington, addresses government intervention in the Middle East and North Africa and the source that led to civil unrest within these regions. She highlights the perspectives held by various environmental economists regarding climate change’s role in sparking conflict due to longer dry seasons, extensive droughts, and diminished agricultural output - all stemming from increased temperatures. Most importantly, this journal provides the reader with insight into the main perspective that can be ascribed to the current Covid-19 situation: “Environmental degradation can also have a direct impact on the economic health of a country,which can also play a key role in political unrest. Many scholars argue that the consequences of climate change for political security depend more on the willingness and ability of governments to handle the social and financial burden of addressing environmental changes than the changes themselves,” (Grossman, 2017). Since Third World Nations - such as Middle Eastern and North American countries - emit insignificant amounts of greenhouse gases in comparison to industrialized, First World Nations, the effects that they are feeling in response to increased global temperatures comes from the inability of powerful, wealthy countries with abundant resources at their disposal to limit their carbon footprints.  Due to the potential collapse of nations that reel from these economic/environmental impacts, nations, such as the United States, must get involved and spend funds to resolve the issues resulting from climate-based civil unrest. Our response to Covid-19, just like that of the response to the civil unrest experienced by Middle Eastern and North American Nations, can be thought of as a clean-up effort; an end-result stemming from the lack of government action and urgency to implement comprehensive climate change legislation that would essentially stop global warming in its tracks. 

Although there is currently great frustration among environmental scientists all across the globe, there is one positive externality of the coronavirus pandemic that climatologists have identified - an overall halt to various forms of transportation that will end up minimizing the amount of CO2 being released into the atmosphere (Abela, 2020). Once the government reopens the economy, however, we will return to our previous ways of living that involve large-scale consumption of non-renewable resources that contribute greatly to global warming. During this health crisis, we are giving the Earth a chance to breathe and briefly recover from the stress that our system has put it under throughout the industrialized age. Many environmentalists are encouraged by this, but they also recognize that much more will need to be done in order to ensure our planet stays below the  climate tipping-point threshold that, if crossed, would yield unprecedented global consequences.

    The response of the Federal Government, as well as other state governments across the United States, towards the current global pandemic has infuriated many passionate climate scientists whose research has been essentially overlooked. Obviously, they are grateful that the institutions that have been put in place to service and protect are fulfilling their role in this time of great need; However, the fact that politicians have been adhering to the suggestions and guidance of public health officials throughout this crisis indicates that these same public servants are capable of acting in correspondence with climatologists’ warnings. This revealed sense of urgency among politicians towards Covid-19 has resulted in increased distrust towards public officials among environmentalists. 
 

A Deeper Look: Five Fact-Checked Claims:

“It’s likely our response to Covid-19 will result in a reduction in CO2 emissions for the first time since the 2008–2009 financial crisis.”

This claim was interesting in that my original assumption was that there was a relatively significant reduction in CO2 emissions after The United States entered into the Paris Climate Agreement back in 2015. However, according to The Environmental Protection Agency, which conducted a study regarding annual carbon emission, "Total emissions and emissions per capita declined from 2007 to 2009, due in part to a drop in U.S. economic production during this time. Emissions decreased again from 2010 to 2012, largely due to the growing use of natural gas to generate electricity in place of more carbon-intensive fuels," ("Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks | US EPA", 2020). This discrepancy is not only misleading, but it also reduces the author's overall credibility and reliability. 

“People in China are breathing cleaner air and CO2 emissions may well decrease in the short term, but the situation is far from ideal.”

 

I’m interested in furthering my understanding of how China’s Covid-19 response differs from that of Western Nations, and whether or not they have limited economic production in ways that would end up reducing the amount of harmful toxins that are being emitted into the atmosphere. According to Lauren Sommer, a climate change analyst for NPR, “Air pollution levels have dropped by roughly a quarter over the last month as coal-fired power plants and industrial facilities have ramped down so employees in high-risk areas can stay home. Levels of nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant primarily from burning fossil fuels, were down as much as 30%,” (Sommer, 2020). This shows that China’s response has had a beneficial  impact on the surrounding environmental conditions, which corresponds with what was said in the primary source.

 

“Herein lies the ultimate problem with the climate crisis. It doesn’t evoke the same kind of urgency a deadly virus does.”

 

Although this claim does represent the outlooks and actions taken by the majority of those within the Federal Government, it does not, however, accurately depict the large scale environmental movement that is taking place among Democrats and Moderate Conservatives alike. Along with this, it does not portray the discrepancies among various incentivized groups and how political polarization has played a dramatic role in shaping the way in which climate science is discussed and acted upon. According to 6 Reasons the Coronavirus is an Emergency and the Climate Crisis Isn’t, “A climate crisis on a global scale has never happened before. This isn’t a once in a lifetime event, it’s a once in the course of humanity type of event. There’s no prior experience of how to deal with this sort of challenge,” (Abela, 2020 [2]). Essentially, due to the fact that our society has experienced pandemics like the one we are facing today, we have a blueprint for how to act and respond. Since climate change is a crisis that has never been faced by humankind before, we have no way of knowing the exact measures that must be taken in order to safeguard humanity. Although there is a lack of urgency among some groups, this is also coupled with a general inability to accurately and efficiently implement legislation or guidelines that will not have dramatic effects on society as a whole.

 

“We can’t ‘reverse’ climate change in the same way we can prevent the spread of a killer virus.”

 

This claim is referring to climate tipping-points that, if crossed, could create an irreversible chain reaction that will steam from the acceleration of positive feedback systems. Covid-19, no matter how serious the situation gets, there will always be measures that can be taken to limit the overall spread - which will eventually allow society to return to its previous way of functioning, However, climate change mitigation does not function in that exact manner. There is a point where further mitigation will have no effect on reversing the implication of global climate change. According to Timothy M. Lenton, director of the Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, in his article titled Climate tipping points — too risky to bet against, “Information summarized in the two most recent IPCC Special Reports suggests that tipping points could be exceeded even between 1 and 2 °C of warming,” (Lenton & Rockström, 2020).

 

“The global economy’s suffering as a result of these draconian measures: Stock markets have plummeted and a global recession is looking likely.”

 

The stock market’s response to the economic shutdown that was implemented by the US Government gives us a glimpse into the overall economic implications of a large scale, climate change mitigation plan that could potentially be implemented in the future to prevent further global warming. The main driving force behind climate change deniers or anti-climate individuals is essentially the choice between the environment and the economy. If we prioritize the preservation of our global climate system, many people will be laid off due to increased costs and lost profits associated with large firms that employ a large portion of the population. According to Danielle Zoellner, an economic analyst for Independent, “The stock market took a significant dive on Monday morning amid growing fears of the coronavirus and a potential oil war, forcing Wall Street to halt trading briefly,” (Zoellner, 2020).


 

References

Abela, P. (2020). Why Covid-19 is Great for the Environment but Terrible for the Economy. Medium. <https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/why-corvid-19-is-great-for-the-environment-but-terrible-for-the-economy-13893af63943>.

Abela, P. (2020). 6 Reasons the Coronavirus is an Emergency and the Climate Crisis Isn't. Transformatise. Retrieved from http://www.transformatise.com/2020/03/6-reasons-the-coronavirus-is-an-emergency-and-the-climate-crisis-isnt/.


Grossman, L. (2017). Climate Change and Conflict: The Relationship Between Government Respo
nse to Climate Change and Civil Unrest in the Middle East and North Africa.
Student Research Submissions, 9. https://scholar.umw.edu/student_research/154/.

Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks | US EPA. US EPA. (2020). Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks.

Lenton, T., & Rockström, J. (2020). Climate tipping points — too risky to bet against. Nature. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03595-0.

Sommer, L. (2020). NPR Choice page. Npr.org. Retrieved 2020, from https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/03/04/811019032/why-chinas-air-has-been-cleaner-during-the-coronavirus-outbreak.

Zoellner, D. (2020). Stock market plummets over growing coronavirus fears and potential oil war. The Independent. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/coronavirus-stock-market-oil-dow-jones-shares-wall-street-today-latest-a9387636.html.







 

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