Bibliography for Projecting 1943: Pachuco Goes to the Movies
Sense of PachucaOral History
McWilliams, Carey. Honorable in all things oral history transcript: the memoirs of Carey McWilliams. Interview by Joel Gardner. Transcript, July 13, 1978. University of California, Los Angeles, Oral History Program. http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=ft2m3nb08v&brand=calisphere&chunk.id=meta.
After All, Why Call Zoot Suiters Anything.” Los Angeles Times. June 29, 1943.
“California: Zoot-Suit War.” Time, June 21, 1943.
“City, Navy Clamp Lid on Zoot-Suit Warfare:” Los Angeles Times. June 9, 1943.
Davies, Lawrence E. “Los Angeles Group Insists Riots Halt.” New York Times. June 13, 1943.
“First Lady Traces Zoot Riots to Discrimination.” Los Angeles Times. June 17, 1943.
Furst, Peter. “Press Blamed for Spread of Zoot Suit Riot.” PM. June 10, 1943.
“General War Hysteria Blamed for Zoot Rows.” Los Angeles Times. June 23, 1943.
King, Susan. “It’s Time for History to Unspool.” Los Angeles Times. May 30, 2001.
Levette, Harry. “Negroes Involved as ‘Zoot Suit’ Rioting Grips Los Angeles.” Atlanta Daily World. June 13, 1943.
“Los Angeles Barred to Sailors By Navy to Stem Zoot-Suit Riots.” New York Times. June 9, 1943.
McWilliams, Carey. “Hearst Press Incited Campaign Against Mexicans, Promoted Police Raids, Whipped Up Race Clashes.” PM. June 11, 1943.
“Mexican Press Gives First Zoot Suit View.” Los Angeles Times. June 18, 1943.
“Mexico General Offers Aid in Zoot Inquiry.” Los Angeles Times. June 17, 1943.
“Mexico Not Expected to File Protest Over Zoot War Here.” Los Angeles Times. June 11, 1943.
“Mrs. Roosevelt Blindly Stirs Race Discord.” Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1943.
“Navy Ban on This Area Will Be Lifted Today.” Los Angeles Times. June 15, 1943.
Ohtake, Miyoko. “Design Finder.” Dwell, August 2009. https://books.google.com/books?id=t_9R5izE8SIC&rview=1&source=gbs_navlinks_s.
Overend, William. “The ’43 Zoot Suit Riots Reexamined,” May 9, 1978.
“Punishment of All Urged to Break Up Zoot Suit War.” Los Angeles Times. June 13, 1943.
“Race Bias Denied as Rioting Factor.” New York Times. August 3, 1943.
“Riot Alarm Sent Out in Zoot War.” Los Angeles Times. June 8, 1943, Vol LXII edition.
“Rioting Skirts Negro Community.” California Eagle. June 10, 1943.
“The Theater: Authentic Pachuco.” Time, July 10, 1944.
“‘Zoot Suit War’ Still Unchecked.” PM. June 9, 1943.
“Zoot-Suit Riots: 125 Hurt in Los Angeles Fights.” Life, June 21, 1943.
Barragan, Bianca. “Buy Chinatown’s 1926 Live/Work Kim Sing Theatre For $4.5MM.” Curbed Los Angeles, March 3, 2014. http://la.curbed.com/archives/2014/03/buy_chinatowns_1926_livework_kim_sing_theatre_for_45mm.php.
Bender, Jeremy. “19 Majestic Fashions That Deserve A Comeback.” Community Member post. Buzzfeed Life, November 19, 2013. http://www.buzzfeed.com/jeremybender/majestic-fashions-that-deserve-comeback#.enzLL8xdP.
Demby, Gene. “Sagging Pants And The Long History Of ‘Dangerous’ Street Fashion.” National Public Radio. Code Switch: Frontiers of Race, Culture and Ethnicity, September 11, 2014. http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/09/11/347143588/sagging-pants-and-the-long-history-of-dangerous-street-fashion.
Published Secondary Sources
Books
Abu-Lughod, Janet L. “An Overview of Race Riots in Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles.” In Race, Space, and Riots in Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles, 3–40. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Acuña, Rodolfo. Occupied America: A History of Chicanos (Third Edition). New York: Harper Collins Publishers,, 1988.
Alegría, Fernando. “A qué lado de la cortina?” In El Poeta que se Volvió Gusano y Otras Historias Verídicas, 46th ed., 9–16. México: Ediciones Cuadernos Americanos, 1956.
Alvarez, Luis. The Power of the Zoot: Youth Culture and Resistance During World War II. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008.
Beltrán, Mary C. “‘Introduction: Latina and Latino Stars in U.S. Eyes’ and ‘The Face of the 'Decade': Edward James Olmos and Latino Films of the 1980s.’” In Latina/o Stars in U.S. Eyes: The Making and Meanings of Film and TV Stardom, 1–16, 108–30. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
Brandt, Nat. Harlem at War: The Black Experience in WWII. Syracuse University Press, 1996.
Callahan, John F. “Harlem Is Nowhere.” In The Collected Essays of Ralph Ellison, 671–86. The Modern Library, 1995.
Capeci, Dominic J. Jr., and Martha Wilkerson. Layered Violence: The Detroit Rioters of 1943. University Press of Mississippi, 1991.
Chabram-Dernersesian, Angie, ed. The Chicana/o Cultural Studies Reader. London: Routledge, 2006.
De la Loza, Sandra. The Pocho Research Society Field Guide to L.A.: Monuments and Murals of Erased and Invisible Histories. Los Angeles: UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Press, 2011.
Diawara, Manthia. “Black Spectatorship: Problems of Identification and Resistance.” In Film Theory and Criticism: Introductory Readings, edited by Leo Braudy and Marshall Cohen, Fifth Edition, 845–53. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Escobar, Edward J. “Facts and Origins of the Zoot-Suit Hysteria.” In Race, Police, and the Making of a Political Identity: Mexican Americans and the Los Angeles Police Department, 1900-1945, 186–202. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999.
Fanon, Frantz. “The Fact of Blackness.” In Black Skin, White Masks, 109–40. New York: Grove Press, 1967.
Fregoso, Rosa Linda. meXicana Encounters: The Making of Social Identities on the Borderlands. University of California Press, 2003.
———. The Bronze Screen: Chicana and Chicano Film Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993.
Gaspar de Alba, Alicia. Chicano Art Inside/ Outside the Master’s House (Cultural Politics and the CARA Exhibition). Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998.
Gonzalez, Rita. “Phantom Sites: The Official, the Unofficial, and the Orificial.” In Phantom Sightings: Art After the Chicano Movement, 46–73. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008.
Gonzalez, Rita, Howard N. Fox, and Chon A. Noriega. “Introduction.” In Phantom Sightings: Art After the Chicano Movement, 13–16. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008.
Griffith, Beatrice Winston. American Me. Reprinting (originally published 1948). Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1973.
Hebdige, Dick. Subculture: The Meaning of Style. Reprinted (originally published 1979). New York: Routledge, 1988.
Himes, Chester. If He Hollers, Let Him Go: A Novel. Reprint, Original 1945. Cambridge: Da Capo Press, 2002.
———. “Zoot Riots Are Race Riots [1943].” In Black on Black: Baby Sister and Selected Writings, 220–25. New York: Doubleday, 1973.
hooks, bell. “The Oppositional Gaze: Black Female Spectatorship.” In Black Looks: Race and Representation, 115–31. Brooklyn: South End Press, 1992.
James, David E. The Most Typical Avant-Garde: History and Geography of Minor Cinemas in Los Angeles. University of California Press, 2005.
Klein, Norman M. The History of Forgetting : Los Angeles and the Erasure of Memory. Repr. Verso, 2003.
Limón, José. “Greater Mexico, African-Americans, and the Americanization of Psychoanalysis.” In American Encounters: Greater Mexico, the United States, and the Erotics of Culture, 73–100. Boston: Beacon Press, 1998.
López-Calvo, Ignacio. Latino Los Angeles in Film and Fiction: The Cultural Production of Social Anxiety. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2011.
Mazón, Mauricio. The Zoot-Suit Riots: The Psychology of Symbolic Annihilation. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984.
McGucken, Joseph T., Willsie Martin, and Karl Holton. “Report of the Citizens Committee.” In Readings on La Raza: The Twentieth Century, edited by Matt S. Meier and Feliciano Rivera, 138–44, 1974.
Moraga, Cherríe. “Queer Aztlán: The Re-Formation of Chicano Tribe.” In The Last Generation: Prose and Poetry, 145–74. Boston: South End Press, 1993.
Moten, Fred. In the Break: The Aesthetics of the Black Radical Tradition. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003.
Muñoz, José Esteban. “‘Chico, What Does It Feel like to Be a Problem?’ The Transmission of Brownness.” In A Companion to Latina/o Studies, edited by Juan Flores and Renato Rosaldo, 441–51. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2007.
Noriega, Chon A. “The Orphans of Modernism.” In Phantom Sightings: Art After the Chicano Movement, 16–45. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008.
Noriega, Chon, and Teresa Romo. L.A. Xicano. Los Angeles: UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center Press, 2011.
Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 1994.
Ortiz-Torres, Rubén. “The Present-Day Pachuco Refuses to Die!” In MEX/L.A.: Mexican Modernisms in Los Angeles 1930-1985, by Museum of Latin American Art, 23–33. Germany: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2011.
Pagán, Eduardo Obregón. Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon: Zoot Suits, Race, and Riot in Wartime L.A. The University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
Paz, Octavio. “The Pachuco and Other Extremes.” In The Labyrinth of Solitude and Other Writings, 9–28. New York: Grove Press, 1994.
———. “The Sons of La Malinche.” In The Labyrinth of Solitude and Other Writings, 65–88. New York: Grove Press, 1994.
Peiss, Kathy. Zoot Suit: The Enigmatic Career of An Extreme Style. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.
Pérez, Emma. “Beyond the Nation’s Maternal Bodies: Technologies of Decolonial Desire.” In The Decolonial Imaginary: Writing Chicanas Into History, 101–25. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.
Ramirez, Catherine. The Woman in the Zoot Suit: Gender, Nationalism, and the Cultural Politics of Memory. Durham: Duke University Press, 2009.
Saldívar, José David. “Cultural Theory in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands.” In Border Matters: Remapping American Cultural Studies, 17–35. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1997.
Sánchez, George J. “The Rise of the Second Generation.” In Becoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945, 253–70. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Sanchez-Tranquilino, Marcos, and John Tagg. “The Pachuco’s Flayed Hide: The Museum, Identity, and Buenas Garras.” In Chicano Art: Resistance and Affirmation, 1965-1985, 97–108. Los Angeles: Wight Art Gallery, University of California, Los Angeles, 1991.
Serna, Laura Isabel. “Antonio Banderas, Andy Garcia, and Edward James Olmos: Stardom, Masculinity, and ‘Latinidades.’” In Pretty People: Movie Stars of the 1990s, edited by Anna Everett, 123–43. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2012.
———. Making Cinelandia: American Films and Mexican Film Culture Before the Golden Age. Durham: Duke University Press, 2014.
Stewart, Jacqueline Najuma. “‘Negroes Laughing at Themselves’? Black Spectatorship and the Performance of Urban Modernity.” In Migrating To The Movies: Cinema And Black Urban Modernity, 93–113. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005.
Valle, Victor M., and Rodolfo D. Torres. “Contesting ‘Showtime’: Latino Leaders in Downtown Development.” In Latino Metropolis, [Nachdr.]., 101–42. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.
Viego, Antonio. Dead Subjects: Toward a Politics of Loss in Latino Studies. Durham: Duke University Press, 2007.
Villa, Raúl Homero. “From Military-Industrial Complex to Urban-Industrial Complex: Promoting and Protesting the Supercity.” In Barrio Logos: Space and Place in Urban Chicano Literature and Culture, 66–110. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2000.
Journal Articles
Alarcón, Norma. “Traddutora, Traditora: A Paradigmatic Figure of Chicana Feminism.” Cultural Critique No. 13 (Autumn 1989): 57–87.
Chibnall, Steve. “Whistle and Zoot: The Changing Meaning of a Suit of Clothes.” History Workshop Autumn, no. No 20 (1985): 56–81.
Cosgrove, Stuart. “The Zoot-Suit and Style Warfare.” History Workshop Autumn, no. No 18 (1984): 77–91.
Escobedo, Elizabeth R. “The Pachuca Panic: Sexual and Cultural Battlegrounds in World War II Los Angeles.” The Western Historical Quarterly 38, no. No 2 Summer (2007): 133–56.
Griswold del Castillo, Richard. “Mexican Intellectuals’ Perceptions of Mexican Americans and Chicanos, 1920 – Present.” Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 27, no. 2 (Fall 2009): 33–74.
Guidotti-Hernández, Nicole M. “Pessimistic Activism: On Latino Studies and Psychoanalysis (Review of Antonio Viego’s Dead Subjects).” Theory & Event 12, no. 2 (2009).
Hall, Stuart. “Cultural Identity and Cinematic Representation.” Framework No 36 (1989): 68–82.
Howard, Sarah Elizabeth. “Zoot to Boot: The Zoot Suit as Both Costume and Symbol”.” Studies in Latin American Popular Culture Vol 28 (2010): 112–31.
Huaco-Nuzum, Carmen. “American Me Despair in the Barrio.” Jump Cut: A Review of Contemporary Media No 38 (June 1993): 92–94. http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/onlinessays/JC38folder/AmericanMe.html.
Keeling, Kara. “‘In the Interval’: Frantz Fanon and the ‘Problems’ of Visual Representation.” Qui Parle: Literature, Philosophy, Visual Arts, History 13, no. 1 (Fall/ Winter 2001): 91–117.
Leal, Luis. “Octavio Paz and the Chicano.” Latin American Literary Review 5, no. No 10, Special Issue of Chicano Literature (1977): 115–23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20119068.
Lee, Nora. “American Me Explores ‘Mexican Mafia.’” American Cinematographer, no. 73 (May 1992): 26–32.
Madrid-Barela, Arturo. “In Search of the Authentic Pachuco: An Interpretive Essay.” Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 4, no. No 1 (1973): 31–60.
Martinez, George A. “Legal Construction of Race: Mexican-Americans and Whiteness.” Harvard Latino Law Review 2 (1997): 321–48.
Noriega, Chon. “Fashion Crimes.” Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 26, no. 1 (Spring 2001): 1–13.
Orenstein, Dara. “Void for Vagueness: Mexicans and the Collapse of Miscegenation Law in California.” Pacific Historical Review 74, no. 3 (August 2005): 367–408.
Solorzano-Thompson, Nohemy. “Performative Masculnities: The Pachuco and the Luchador in the Songs of Maldita Vecindad and Cafe Tacuba.” Studies in Latin American Popular Culture 26 (2007): 79–96.
Sowards, Stacey K. “Juan Gabriel and Audience Interpretation: Cultural Interpretations of Effeminancy and Sexuality in Mexico.” Journal of Homosexuality 39, no. 2 (2000): 133–58.
Trevino, Jesus. “The New Mexican Cinema.” Film Quarterly, Vol 32, No 3 (Spring 1979). 26-37. 32, no. No 3 (Spring 1979): 26–37.
Dissertation and Theses
Cutler, John Alba. “Pochos, Vatos, and Other Types of Assimilation: Masculinities in Chicano Literature, 1940-2004.” Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 2008.
Licón, Gerardo. “Pachucas, Pachucos, and Their Culture: Mexican American Youth Culture of the Southwest, 1910-1955.” University of Southern California, 2009.
Puente, Henry. “The Promotion of U.S. Latino Film.” The University of Texas at Austin, 2004.
Sparrow, James Terence. “Fighting Over the American Soldier: Moral Economy and National Citizenship in World War II.” Brown University, 2002.
Woods, Kristi Joy. “Be Vigorous but Not Brutal : Race, Politics, and Police in Los Angeles, 1937-1945,” 1999.
Films and Television Broadcasts
Camner, Isaac. Cherry Poppin’ Daddies - “Zoot Suit Riot” (original Video). YouTube Video, 1998. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IqH3uliwJY.
Heise, William. Carmencita. Digital Video. National Archives and Records Administration, 1894. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carmencita.ogg.
Lynch, David. Mulholland Drive. Universal Pictures, 2001.
Olmos, Edward James. American Me. Warner Home Video, 1992.
Ortega, Gonzalo Martínez. Del Otro Lado Del Puente. Producciones del Rey, S.A., 1980.
Scott, Ridley. Blade Runner. Universal Home Entertainment, 1982.
Spielberg, Steven. 1941. Universal Home Entertainment, 1979.
Tovares, Joseph. “American Experience.” The Zoot Suit Riots, March 1, 2002.
Valdez, Luis. Zoot Suit. Universal Pictures, 1981.
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