Philosophical concept of freedom

Since the time of the French Revolution, freedom has been regarded as the greatest value of culture. Today in modern society, we are trying to restore the value of individual freedom, which we formally perceive as one of the rights of man and citizen. The concept of "freedom of the individual" is increasingly used in the media, in the speeches of political leaders, is declared by the Constitution of our state. However, the meaning invested in this concept by different people is different, often the most opposite ways of solving the problem of freedom of the human person are offered. But the category of freedom itself is not subjected to sufficiently serious analysis.

Freedom as one of the main philosophical categories characterizes the essence of man and his existence. Therefore, the meaningful definition of freedom as something of this kind in us that does not depend on us; it never has any concrete grounds that we could find in any particular individual culture that surrounds the individual. Dahl puts the word "settlement" next to the word "freedom". Sloboda is a free settlement. Freedom is "its own will, its scope, its ability to act in its way: lack of restraint, bondage, slavery, subjugation to the will of others".

Only an understanding of freedom as a person's potential ability to freely choose an alternative, as an opportunity to think and act following ideas and desires, and not because of internal or external coercion, gives the person the opportunity to acquire spiritual freedom, the acquiring of a person by himself. Freedom is the possibility of choosing the option of unfreedom. Free - chooses, not free obeys desires. Freedom is a state of mind; it is a philosophical concept reflecting an inalienable human right to realize one's human will. Outside of freedom, a person can not realize the wealth of his inner world and his capabilities. Freedom begins exactly where a person deliberately restricts himself.

"Freedom for me is more primary than being. The peculiarity of my philosophical type, above all, is that I placed the foundation of philosophy not being, but freedom." The idea of individual freedom is colored in directly opposite moods: tragedy and determination to make a "revolution of the spirit," experiences of loneliness and an impulse to the all-conquering conciliarity, the sense of the fall of being and history, and faith in the transforming and saving power of human freedom.

"The true solution of the problem of reality, the problems of freedom, the problems of the individual - this is the real test for every philosophy" - freedom is tragic: if it is the essence of a person, then, consequently, it acts as a duty; man is enslaved by his freedom. It is a heavy burden borne by man. He is responsible for his actions and what is happening in the world: "Freedom is my independence and the determinateness of my personality from within... not a choice between the good and evil set before me, and my creation of good and evil," the author believes. - The very state of choice can give a person a sense of oppression... even unfreedom. Liberation comes when the choice is made and when I go creative". Even simple political freedom, freedom of choice of beliefs and deeds is a heavy and responsible duty. "In this understanding of freedom as a duty, a burden, as a source of tragedy. It is the renunciation of freedom that creates ease. "Freedom generates suffering, rejection of freedom reduces suffering... And people easily renounce freedom to ease themselves."

So, freedom acts as a universal value. People are striving for freedom, for only in it and through it can the creative human potential be realized.