Zoonotic Diseases in Latin America

Lymphatic Filariasis (LF)

The Global Programme for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) was created in 1998 with guidelines to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by 2020. Unlike some of the diseases mentioned within the Project it is important to note the emotional impact of Lymphatic Filariasis, especially in communities dependent on a workforce. The debilitating  aspect of this disease often results in reduced work hours or loss of a job for most people suffering with LF. Currently Mass Drug Administration (MDA) is being used within Latin America to eradicate LF’s presence. MDA is a mass drug distribution campaign against Neglected Tropical Diseases. Medication is given either once or twice a year to whole populations of at risk communities. 

In Guyana- Georgetown, Eastbank and the Eastbank of Demara have been targeted for MDA. The program successfully visited 16,975 household with only a few thousand refusing to participate . As of 2018, only 23 of the communes in Haiti are in need of MDA. After three rounds of MDA in Santo Domingo in the Domincan Republic, LF was eradicated from the community. Each country represents a different phase of the implementation of MDA for LF in poor communities. With coverage and adequate reform to health care, community infrastructure  and sewage conditions, Santo Domingo was able to achieve the purpose of MDA. Providing communities with systems to prevent NTDs significantly has an impact on the incidence rates within communities. 

Like Onchocerciasis, LF can be eliminated. However, the MDA programs elimination and eradication scenarios worldwide are estimated to cost upward of a billion dollars. Financially and emotionally LF serves as a problem for the community. 

It is not unknown that the transmission of LF and oncho have the possibility to be eradicated in Latin America however the disease effects isolated communities or restricted areas making data collection and implementation difficult. LF is currently being targeted in WHOs disease elimination programs and is considered one of the Tropical Zoonotic Diseases that primarily affect marginalized and impoverished areas. Countries often fail to meet WHO's expectations in yearly reports. As of the end of 2017, 52 countries world wide are endemic with LF and still in need for preventive chemotherapy. Four of those countries within Latin America being the Brazil, Domincan Republic, Guyana and Haiti. 



 

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