Lines, Rotation, Text
The Gutenberg style of printing introduced certain features of text that remain true today; for example linear text that does not allow for multidirectionality, no variation from copy to copy, and a lack of “non-type set features, such as illustration” (Janecek 42). Any variation from these norms would appear as defects in the book. Klutsis’ piece to the right brings together both suprematist style geometric shapes and text. Both the rotation of the text and the addition of art counter the Gutenbergian style of printing. Although Klutsis was not in the industry of bookmaking, the subversion of our internalized processes of reading is nonetheless important. Similarly, the piece to the left demonstrates how lines can be used to disrupt the left to right reading process.