Bedos-Rezak, Brigitte Miriam. “Medieval Identity: A Sign and A Concept.” Medieval Coins and Seals: Constructing Identity, Signifying Power. Susan Solway. Brepols Publishing, 2015. 

“Byzantine Art and Architecture: Byzantine Seals and Coins.” LibGuides, https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinesealsandcoins. 

“Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks.” By Jonathan Shea, YouTube, 8 Dec. 2015, https://youtu.be/yI8IEnVQ_V0?t=40.

“Cylinder Seal and Modern Impression: Hunting Scene.” Metmuseum.org, https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/329090?sortBy=Relevance&%3Bft=Akkadian&%3Boffset=0&%3Brpp=40&%3Bpos=1. 

“Henry of Flanders (1206-16).” Dumbarton Oaks, 25 July 2016, https://www.doaks.org/resources/seals/byzantine-seals/BZS.1958.106.636. 

Lainw. “Introduction to Byzantine Seals and the Online Catalogue.” Dumbarton Oaks, 11 Jan. 2022, https://www.doaks.org/resources/seals/introduction. 

Lainw. “Making an Impression.” Dumbarton Oaks, 6 Oct. 2022, https://www.doaks.org/resources/online-exhibits/lasting-impressions/striking-sealing/iron-jaws. 

Mahoney, Lisa. “A Byzantine Pedigree: The Design of Coins and Seals in the Latin East.” Medieval Coins and Seals: Constructing Identity, Signifying Power. Susan Solway. Brepols Publishing, 2015. 

Radulovic, Igor. “The Impact of the Fourth Crusade: The First Fall of Byzantium.” TheCollector, 11 Dec. 2021, https://www.thecollector.com/fourth-crusade-siege-constantinople-fall-of-byzantine-empire/. 

“Seals and Coins: How Were They Made?” Omeka RSS, https://cb51-16.omeka.fas.harvard.edu/exhibits/show/iconography-in-the-byzantine-/sealscoins. 

Shea, Jonathan. “God's Regents on Earth: A Thousand Years of Byzantine Imperial Seals.” Dumbarton Oaks, 25 Nov. 2019, https://www.doaks.org/resources/online-exhibits/gods-regents-on-earth-a-thousand-years-of-byzantine-imperial-seals. 

Susan Solway. Medieval Coins and Seals: Constructing Identity, Signifying Power. Susan Solway. Brepols Publishing, 2015. 

“The Fourth Crusade and the Establishment of the Latin Empire.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., https://www.britannica.com/place/Byzantine-Empire/The-Fourth-Crusade-and-the-establishment-of-the-Latin-Empire. 

Van, Tricht, Filip. The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228), BRILL, 2011. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/holycrosscollege-ebooks/detail.action?docID=737788.