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America's Pastime: Patent Medicine Trade Cards on Pain Main Menu Introduction Student Projects The Power of Emotional Marketing: How Vintage Medical Trading Cards Used Children to Sell Their Products to Parents The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the rise of patent trade medicine cards across the country. Prominent among the many marketing strategies employed were those involving child imagery. By exploring the historical juncture between child imagery and society, new insights are gained regarding the appeal of child imagery and its employment in various marketing approaches. - By Kevin Kerr, Curran Whitney-Vazquez, Chandler Warth, Samuel Sakowski, Eden Breslauer-Friedman Clothing as Tool of Expression: Utilizing Fashion in 19th Century Marketing In analyzing our group’s medicine trading cards, we were able to convey the significance of clothing throughout its relation to medicine. Various forms of clothing demonstrate symbolism towards an indvidual’s perception on medicine as well as foreshadowing the message in which the trading cards demonstrate. The various forms of clothing and stances the individuals and characters in the trading card portray indicate symbolize towards various forms of clothing and stances to highlight the social class and hierarchy of power with its purpose in medication trading cards. The way that every individual is dressed eludes to different perceptions of varying social classes as the medical epherma is not targeted to one specific group. This persuades individuals to buy the medicines and adapt to their encouraged medicine techniques. - By Brittney Abdi, Alan Torres, Jolene Matian, Zoe Rosenberg, Javier Perez Mejia Humanity, Animals, and Religion: The Metaphorical Sense of Rebirth and Apotheosis of Purity. In the late 19th and early 20th century, America saw a rise in Patent Medicine leading up to the civil war. It was a lucrative trade that encouraged individuals to cultivate their own brand and medicinal products. The rise in Patent Medicine could be explained by a multitude of factors, such as rapid increases in industry and manufacturing, urban living, the absence of drug regulation, and the lack of accessibility and distrust of contemporary medical practices. During this period, Patent medicine companies vigorously marketed their products through small, colorful cards that featured illustrations , along with information about the medicine's supposed benefits and ingredients. To persuade consumers to purchase their products, patent medicine companies utilized a variety of marketing techniques. Some of the most popular ones being the portrayal of humanity, animals, and religion to convey the notion of rebirth and purity. - By Dominic Castillo, Vanessa Jiang, Stephen Liu, Leo Martinez, Selena Quispe The Utilization of Youthful Figures, Both Humans and Animals, in Medical Trading Cards The UCLA Library Digital Collections consist of a diverse collection of Patent Medicine Trade Cards that depict historically meaningful and strategic methods of medical advertising, specifically focusing on irregular and alternative medicines. The following trade cards investigate the significance of youthful figures in medical advertisements, as seen in both humans and animals. - By India White Cloud, Shanya Rostami, Andreas Tunney, Noah Orshansky, Netaniel Daee, and Justin Vayakone The Appeal of Youth and Family in Patent Medicine Trading Cards Medical Ephemera has had a long history of using emotional tactics to appeal to its intended target audiences. One of the most prevalent motifs is that of youth and children. Through visual and written rhetoric, this theme appeals to many family oriented communities and their values. From reliability to rejuvenation, for many people children can represent what they want in a medicine. However, this era of trade cards was particularly deceitful towards audiences by using this rhetoric, yet had a significant impact on marketing tactics that are still seen and thriving today. - By Lauren Tanaka, Allison Bushong, Mollie Brown, and Garrison Hallum Innocent Imagery: A Technique of Patent Medical Trade Cards The evolution of curing pain and uplifting human welfare greatly interested the public. To help combat this suffering, medical corporations turned to advertising through Patent Medical Trade Cards. These small cards significantly helped sell medicines throughout the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States of America. Specific techniques and styles, such as Innocent Imagery, assisted in attracting the consumer to purchase the drug. For instance, harmless animals, delicate flowers, and emotional characters were critical sources of visualizing innocence. -By Lauren Heiberg, Sean Eshraghi, Bradley Reed, Camila Ramirez-Leng and Shayan Mansourian Youth as a Marketing Tactic to Relieve Pain Our group page dives into the way patent medicine trade cards have utilized youth and innocence as a marketing tactic to improve their advertisement. We have focused on UCLA library’s collection as a whole and chosen to individually select a few of the cards that best match our theme all together. This project has allowed us to study the advertisement techniques of medical cures and solutions of its time as a group. We hope our findings are as insightful to you as they are to us - By Tara Kahrobaie, Rebeca Daee, Talia Fouladian, Ashley Kohen, Nathan Darougar, Saman Khalifian The Children of Medicine: An Appeal to Consumer Emotions Our group page explores the intricacies of 19th century marketing strategies that heavily revolved around depictions of children and the youth in an attempt to psychologically appeal to the emotions of consumers in hopes of converting sales. However, we also discuss how problematic this can be, especially when the product advertisement itself is deceiving and may even pose a threat to the lives of consumers. Though effective, using the youth to advertise products can be unethical and as a result, there were different legislations enacted to combat this and different marketing strategies have evolved in conjunction with it. - By Johnny Thai, Margarita Balbuena, Ryan Nelson, Chuntao Qiu How Depictions of Women and Children Sell Medication In this page, we examine the usage of women and children portrayed on patent medicine trade cards to advertise and sell medication. Throughout this page, we employ the collection of patent medicine trade cards from the UCLA Library Digital Collections, analyzing the images and text to gain a deeper understanding of this form of advertising. - By: Jacquelyn Bakshian, Abby Kim, Tyler Maghen, David Sagizadeh, Shana Simanian, Mia Tumbaga The Influence of Innocence and Purity in Patent Medicine Trade Cards This page will explore how themes of innocence and purity were primarily utilized in patent medicine trade cards in order to generate enticing advertisements to consumers at the time. Themes of purity, innocence, and femininity entwined with the audience's perception of an ideal person, and this page will dissect how these themes were utilized to create an impactful advertisement for medical ephemera. —By Lesley Sierra, Alejandro Haro, Taylor Sullivan, Karina Tairyan, Jennifer Lay, Parinaz Kyavar The Healing and Appealing Powers of Purity and Femininity Our group page focuses on the use of femininity and purity in advertising as a means to demonstrate the efficacy of the advertised medications. Through close inspection of various Patent Medicine Trade Cards from the UCLA Biomedical Library Special Collections, our group has gained an understanding of advertising strategies and the use of cultural norms to demonstrate medicinal efficacy. Women, ideas of femininity, and purity found in nature are the central themes of our scalar book and reveal advertising strategies of medications in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These cards as well as our own individual pages will explore the complex and historically relevant themes of femininity and purity through the lens of advertising strategies of medications and medicinal products in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. - By Stephanie Zager, Ella Kitt, Megan Sparrow, Corey Gear, Neda Afsharian Parental Protective Instincts: Child Imagery in Patent Medicine Trade Cards In the late nineteenth century to early twentieth century, pharmaceutical companies established marketing strategies in which they value child imagery upon the medical trade cards. By evaluating and uncovering new insights regarding the appeal of child imagery, the selection of six cards from the UCLA’s Patent Medical Trading Card collection will elucidate its marketing values and how it appeals to buyers. By Chelsie, Adrian, Micaiah, Princess Animals used In Medicine Trade cards Our presentation focuses on the use of animals in Patent Medicine trade cards, as advertisements , essentially animals are used are marketing tools. By using animals as the main focus on the image, the companies are able to grasp the attention of the viewers. - By Aaron Kohanbash, Aaron Ezra Kohanbash, Elan Amona, Samuel Kohanteb, and Avner Shamtoub The Usage of Various Species in Advertising Medicinal Products The UCLA Patent Medicine Trade Cards expounds on medicine under a variety of labels and names through its collection of 247 patent medicine trade cards. With the variety of medical products on the market, companies utilized artwork to advertise their products to the general public. Specifically, various species and the attributes associated with them were one common theme among patent medicine trading cards. - By Hoyeol Lee, Fady Tawfik, Daniel Rabkin, Mia Kubal, Sarkis Vartanyan, and Daniel Pirian Utilizing Trade Cards as a Key Advertising Technique Trade card makers employed them as a medium to promote medical products, utilizing various advertising tactics to entice consumers and guarantee profitable sales. These marketing approaches included leveraging maternal connections, portraying children, emphasizing the product's "healing powers," and presenting visually appealing designs. By- Hannah Shaye, Yaelle Shaye, Leah Tabibi, Odelia Safadel, Ely Gabbaypour, and Arya Afgham 19th Century Remedies for Women's Daily Troubles During the 19th century, patent medicine trade cards often were marketed to women. These cards advertised products that intended to relieve ordinary women of troubles that they faced on a daily basis. Many of these products included cure-alls, medicine for mothers, and medicinal makeup, which addressed the frequent concerns women experienced regarding bodily health, motherhood, and femininity. – By Omotola Adesina, Gengjia Lin, Renateh Moradian, Grant Pate, and Brooke Vallone.

Carter's Backache Plasters [inscribed] (BACK)

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This page has annotations:

Company name. This was done to make the quality of medicine more recognizable. The better the company the more likely an individual is to buy a product. Javier Perez
Contents of this annotation:
1. Carter's Backache Plasters [inscribed] (BACK)
Font size. It was common to state the name of the product followed by some phrase that would hint at the product's function. Javier Perez
Contents of this annotation:
1. Carter's Backache Plasters [inscribed] (BACK)

This page is referenced by:

Advertisement strategies, Children and Pain "Children and ailments" . These cards depict children and are themselves promoting medicine to treat some of their common ailments. In the cards, a solution is presented to address some sort of pain. During this time, target audiences were usually depicted on the product's advertisements. They are representative of the UCLA Patent Medicine Trade Cards Collection because they have to do with pain and documenting some of these treatments used in earlier U.S medicine. Likewise, they both are ephemera, trade cards that were cheaply produced to live a short life (promptly be discarded) and made with the intention of promoting products during their given time. These most likely survived due to accidental storage or in the rarest of cases collection. Either way, they both provide us with information about medicine politically, scientifically, and economically during their times. -By Javier Perez

In early U.S. medicine, treatments were available with little to no regulation. Relieving pain had become a popular issue that led to the creation of many pain treatments. Opium one of the major ingredients in a wide array of these products, allowed for increased abuse of opium throughout the country and resulted in drug regulations like Food and Drug Act of 1906 which required medical products to list their ingredients. Other treatments involving certain tools or alternatives would soon be found scientifically ineffective and required to be removed from commerce. Thus, regulations at the time and their descriptions can be used to determine when some of these cards were created.

These specific trade cards were made of low-quality materials with the intention of promoting both the product and the brand. While color and print style varies by card this specific set of cards prominently, in large font, display the brand name and the name of the medication as a form of marketing strategy. It can be concluded that these cards were mass-produced to reach a large audience.
In order to coneviently attract customers to these medications intended mainly for children ailments, font sizes are seen to be used to list these common ailments in a larger font size to make it more noticeable to the eye and so that the consumer can promptly match their problmes to the proposed solution, medication.
Children were used for symbolic and for artistic purposes. In Carter's Liver Pills the baby may have been depicted as a form of fancy art style given he is holding a guitar in an angelic manner. The fact that the baby is playing a guitar in itself is not realistic and thus gives it a way that its a marketing style. The baby in this case may be symbolically showing that by taking the pills the consumer with the headache will be back to a relaxed state just as a baby in no time. In Carter's Backache plasters the child is used for humor purposes and for setting the age of the adult character. By the children looking up to the adult which he claims to be his grandpa, the viewer automatically views him as old and can connect his back complaints to the typical–age and height. In other words, in this case the scene depicted is that of a common issue which many can relate to or automatically can connect to from viewing the image. In other words, humor and knowledge commonality is used to reach the audience.

On these cards, we can also find the pricing of certain medications as well as the price to acquire the card. These notes in turn help economists make a connection with how inflation has occurred over the years as well as how the value of medicine has changed over time. Even their general descriptions on the back of the cards reveal the medical treatment trends at the time, regulations in marketing and production of medications, and advertisement strategies.
Generally speaking, these cards tend to depict the customer populations they are intended for as well as tend to depict children. Children at the time may have been a way to express relief, comfort, joy, and innocence. Likewise, font sizes and phrases are used to target the audience. In either case, the depictions and artistic styles were meant to allude to the customer and propagate the brand.
Behind the Scenes: The Significance To The Back Sides of Trade Cards
Abstract
One thing that all trade cards have in common is that they are selling a product or idea. However, something unique to each distributed trade card is the purpose and the contents of their back sides. In some cases they imply a long-term use. In other cases, they are expanding on the information of their product or idea, and then very rare cases they share the backside with another product company or creator. Nonetheless, each trade card has something unique to offer when we flip them over.

Antikamnia Tablets [Inscribed]
The front side of Antikamnia tablets can almost speak for itself. There is quotations that include purity, there are illustrations of the pill they are selling, and lastly, there is an illustration of how their customer will feel after taking their product. Still, what makes this change card set apart from the rest of the ones I have seen is that the backside includes a calendar. Although most ephemera is technically not meant for a long-term use, this trade card bends that definition of ephemera. By offering a calendar the user of Antikamnia tablets can keep track of their dosages throughout the year of 1909. This is significant and shows how the backside of these trade cards can change the use for different purposes.

Dalley's Magical Pain Extractor
Most of these trade cards have front signs that are very captivating in their illustration and text font. However, If we are to analyze the back side of Dalley’s Magical Pain extractor we see information providing more reasons to buy the product.

Instead of the 10 Commandments, Dalley is telling us 10 reasons why a customer should buy this product. This is the case for most trade cards, however it was the fashion in which Dalley's Magical Pain Extractor did it. In reference to the ten commandments, Dalley tells us ten reasons we should have the ointment in our family home. All of this, however, would not have been noticed had we not flipped the trade card around.

Conclusion
As explained before, there are a range of different reasons and purposes to use the backside of chain cards. I have provided examples where it is used as a way to expand the customer’s knowledge on the product, which is important when it comes to selling medicine. In the other instance, I showed how the backside used as the informative side, and one of the front side is solely, capturing the consumers attention all the while having the important aspects on the back. Lastly, I explained how some trade cards defined the purpose of ephemera and convey a reason for long-term use through the inclusion of a calendar. In all the observation for the backside of the trade cards should not be ignored when making an analysis as it can lead to missing out on fifty percent, sometimes more, of the context for the business that is creating the cards.