Tracing History Of Hindi Poetry Main Menu Introduction Hindi Poetry is an amalgamation of diverse poetic writings produced in Hindi across the country.A brief history of Hindi Poetry is presented here. Adikal The Early Period Ritikal The Scholastic Period Adhunik Kal The Modern Period Neha Kasana

Bhakti Kal

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Bhakti Kal refers to the period between the 14th and the 17th century. This period saw the rise of the Bhakti Kavyas (devotional poetry). The Bhakti Kal poetry is divided into Nirguna and Saguna Schools depending upon the devotional attitude of the poets towards the Lord. The Nirgunas believed in a formless god, while the Sagunas believed in a human incarnation of god.
The Nirgunas have been further divided into two groups on the basis of the different sadhanas (disciplines) followed by them. One group includes Kabir, Guru Nanak, Dharma Das, Maluk Das, Dadudayal, Sunder Das etc, who emphasised on monotheism through their Sakhis (couplets) and Padas (songs). Another group of the Nirguna poets was of the Sufi poets, who believed that love was the path of realising God. These included Jayasi, Manjhan, Kutuban and Usman.
The Saguna poets are either the followers of Rama or Krishna. Tulsi Das depicted Rama as the Ideal Man in his classical works Ramacharitamanasa, Gitavali, Kavitavali and Vinay Patrika. Surdas was greatest among the Krishna followers. His Sur Sagar and Sur Saravali are the masterpieces of devotional Hindi poetry. Other poets of this category included Parmananda and Meera Bai. Meera Bai is the most celebrated of the women poets of medieval times. She was one of the most significant figures Sant of the Vaishnava bhakti movement. Some 1,300 pads (poems) commonly known as bhajans (sacred songs) are attributed to her. Malik Mohammad Jayasi and Abdur Rahim Khankhana were among the important Saguna poets of this period. 

धीरे-धीरे रे मना, धीरे सब कुछ होय,                                      
माली सींचे सौ घड़ा, ॠतु आए फल होय।
- Kabir Das 


मेरे तो गिरिधर गोपाल
मेरे तो गिरिधर गोपाल दूसरो न कोई।
जाके सिर मोर मुकुट मेरो पति सोई।
तात मात भ्रात बंधु आपनो न कोई॥।
छाँड़ि दी कुल की कानि कहा करिहै कोई।
संतन ढिंग बैठि-बैठि लोक लाज खोई॥
चुनरी के किये टूक ओढ़ लीन्ही लोई।
मोती मूँगे उतार बनमाला पोई॥
अँसुवन जल सींचि सींचि प्रेम बेलि बोई।
अब तो बेल फैल गई आणँद फल होई॥
दूध की मथनियाँ बड़े प्रेम से बिलोई।
माखन जब काढ़ि लियो छाछा पिये कोई॥
भगत देख राजी हुई जगत देखि रोई।
दासी "मीरा" लाल गिरिधर तारो अब मोही॥
- Meera Bai 


 

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