Introduction to the Mediterranean World
Throughout the history of the Middle Ages, major kingdoms and empires fought for control of the many islands that dotted the Mediterranean Sea. These islands were important in order for these powers to maintain naval dominance while also serving as pivotal trade posts for trade and exploration through the Mediterranean world. Among these islands were roughly six key spheres of influence for others to control. These islands were the Balearic Islands (part of modern-day Spain), Sicily (part of Italy), Sardinia (also part of Italy), Malta, Crete (part of Greece), and Cyprus. Each of these islands would see a fair share of local and foreign rulers throughout their history in the Middle Ages.