Measuring Prejudice: Race Sciences of the 18-19th CenturiesMain MenuMeasuring PrejudiceScientific Racism of the 18th and 19th CenturiesIntroductionTimeline of Racial ScienceTimeline of the History of Scientific RacismPhysiognomyThe Study of Facial Features as a PseudoscienceCraniometryPhrenologyDifferences in Shape and Size of the Skull to Indicate CharacterResources and Citationslinks and sources used in researchSophia Seiberthe2a02a11e04e0c4ec966558f4cf01bfcc2ffeb82Jeremy Yoshiokaa946e0a62ab5df5e651e19feec0ecb4593c7053cDaniel smithefa17be3be40b3a1445277b49cf3ab9e127857ce
Phrenology as an ego-booster for Caucasians
12017-03-24T14:23:02-07:00Sophia Seiberthe2a02a11e04e0c4ec966558f4cf01bfcc2ffeb82159111Example of the ego-boosting measuring your skull could provide to white men.plain2017-03-24T14:23:02-07:00Sophia Seiberthe2a02a11e04e0c4ec966558f4cf01bfcc2ffeb82
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12017-03-24T12:20:59-07:00Phrenologists of Influence11Franz Joseph Gall and pupil Johann Gaspar Spurzheimplain4087232017-03-24T22:56:19-07:00
Influence into the late 18th- early 19th century
<a> LINE SPACE: 20px; </a> F. J. Gall is known as the father of what had become to be the scientific class of Phrenology. Gall began a physician studying the shapes of skulls, but laid the foundation of linking the brain to characteristics of a human's mental order. He stated in his works that the morality, sentimentalities, etc. of a man were housed in the brain and organized in ways which he could decipher by studying the shape and morphology of the skull. These beliefs, or facts, to Gall, became the basic laws of Phrenology. Spurzheim, Gall's fellow collaborator and dedicated pupil, spent his years in the field studying the human skull to solidify the link between the human brain and one's character and temperament, spreading these ideas to the UK and America.
The Combe Brothers (early 19th century Sclottland) and the Fowler Brothers (late 19th America)
Those thinkers and physiologists who wrote of and studied Phrenology after Gall took it very seriously. For white-European philosophers and physiologists, it was a reminder that the superiority of the white man can be physically accounted for via measurements of their Caucasian skull. Their gene-given intelligence, physical capacities, and strong moral values are now backed by science, and so scientists like George Combe and his brother and the Fowler Brothers took flight with enthusiasm to spread these ideas.
12017-03-24T23:04:11-07:00The Combe Brothers and the Fowler Brothers2plain2017-03-24T23:06:17-07:00The Combe Brothers (early 19th century Sclottland) and the Fowler Brothers (late 19th America)
Those thinkers and physiologists who wrote of and studied Phrenology after Gall took it very seriously. For white-European philosophers and physiologists, it was a reminder that the superiority of the white man can be physically accounted for via measurements of their Caucasian skull. Their gene-given intelligence, physical capacities, and strong moral values are now backed by science, and so scientists like George Combe and his brother and the Fowler Brothers took flight with enthusiasm to spread these ideas.