James Lee Dickey: An Analysis of One African-American's Leadership in Jim Crow TexasMain MenuJames Lee Dickey: An Analysis of One African American's Leadership in Jim Crow TexasIntroductionSlave No MoreFreedman after Bondage 1865 - 1955African American LeadershipContenders for the TitleJames Lee DickeyThe Leadership of James Lee DickeyLocations in Dr. James Lee Dickey's StoryGoogle locations for Dr. Dickey's BiographyMaureen Grayab288c53aefb942d3e6102c32f4d6e3a10268d3b
Colonel Samuel Chapman Armstrong
12018-04-12T20:13:12-07:00Maureen Grayab288c53aefb942d3e6102c32f4d6e3a10268d3b197011Founder of Hampton Instituteplain2018-04-12T20:13:12-07:00Maureen Grayab288c53aefb942d3e6102c32f4d6e3a10268d3b
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1media/Hampton Institute.jpg2018-03-30T22:57:33-07:00Arrival at Hampton7image_header2018-06-07T12:42:05-07:00When young Booker arrived at Hampton Institute he was was unable to register for classes because he had no funds for tuition nor appropriate recommendations for scholarships. The head teacher at Hampton, Miss Mary F. Mackie, found him dallying after the other new students left so asked him to sweep a classroom. Thanks to Mrs. Ruffner, his persnickety employer in Malden, the boy dusted, swept, and polished that room so well that he Hampton hired him as janitor and compensated him with an education. The founder of Hampton Institute was General Samuel Armstrong who Washington claimed in his autobiography, Up From Slavery, was the “rarest, strongest, and most beautiful character” that he would ever meet. Armstrong applied the same principles to Hampton as he had learned as a missionary in Hawaii. Strong Christian values, cleanliness and usefulness were the mantras that Booker T. gleaned from General Armstrong. He also learned a more controversial lesson that would impact his reputation in the future, i.e. physical work had intrinsic value and independence and self-reliance instilled pride.