Glossary of Terms
2D: Two-dimensional, on the x and y axes
3D: Three-dimensional, on the x, y, and z axes
Add-on (plug-in): A small program that adds functionality to a larger stand-alone software program
Connectivity: The existence of a relationship between two entities
Deep (Hidden) Web: The information stored on Web databases that are not easily accessed via Web-based search engines because the information is dynamically served based on user request (usually through forms)
Digital humanities: Studies in the social sciences that rely on some aspect of computation
Disclaimer: A legal statement that renounces some liability
Geolocation: The use of online information to identify a physical geographical location
Graph: A type of diagram showing relationships between entities
Graphical User Interface (GUI): A visual way to interact with a computer
HTTP network: A relational graph of websites
Internet Protocol (IP) address: A unique number used to identify any computer or device communicating over a network connected to the Internet
Link analysis: The analysis of relationships for structure mining
Machine: A type of scripted data extraction method in Maltego Carbon
Macro: A sequence of scripted instructions (with pre-defined parameters), activated usually as a simple request
Maltego Carbon: A penetration testing tool that accesses publicly available information from the Web and Internet for open-source intelligence (OSINT)
Microblogging: The sharing of short text messages, URLs, images, and videos through a microblogging social media platform
Node-link diagram: A two-dimensional visualization consisting of nodes (representing entities) and links (representing relationships)
Penetration (“pen”) testing: A cybersecurity tool to test the strengths and weaknesses of a computer system (and its vulnerability to penetration by malicious agents)
Pseudo-code: Human-readable script that resembles code
Social engineering: A deception that involves misleading people in order to compromise their credentials or to gain access to valuables
Social media platform: An online site or resource that enables people to interact with each other and share messaging and digital resources
Social networking: The online-enabled connections between people around shared interests
Structure mining: The extraction of new learning and understandings based on studying the inter-relationships between various entities often in a network
Surface Web: The indexable web
Transform: A type of substituting of one type of data for another type (based on online connections or co-occurrences on the Web and Internet)
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