Blood & DNA
Blood Typing
ABO
Every person’s blood is categorized as one of the four major types: A, B, AB, or O. Blood types are determined by the types of antigens on the blood cells. These antigens are proteins on the surface of blood cells that can trigger a response from the immune system. The Rh factor is a type of protein on the surface of red blood cells. People who have the Rh factor are Rh-positive and those without are Rh-negative.
Rh factor
Rh incompatibility is a condition that develops when a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh-positive blood. If the mother is Rh-negative, her immune system treats Rh-positive fetal cells as if they were a foreign substance. The mother's body makes antibodies against the fetal blood cells. These antibodies may cross back through the placenta into the developing baby. It can become severe enough to cause serious illness, brain damage, or even death in the fetus or newborn.
Chemistry
Kastle-Meyer Color Test - phenolphthalein
Potatoes and household bleach can trigger a response too!
Tetramethylbenzidine
Leucomalachite green
Luminol
Fluorescein
Resources
Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Articles
An assessment of DNA extraction methods from blood-stained soil in forensic science.
https://uosc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01USC_INST/273cgt/cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2736304353
Performance Testing of a Semi-Automatic Card Punch System, Using Direct STR Profiling of DNA from Blood Samples on FTATM Cards.
https://uosc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01USC_INST/273cgt/cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1652439007
References
https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/pregnancy-complications/rh-factor/
