In the Viking Age, swords were not only tools for killing – the craftsmanship involved in creating a good blade leant them an aura of prestige and importance. As a result, the best swords were not only powerful weapons, but pieces of art in and of themselves. This Anglo-Saxon iron sword pommel from the Museum of London is a good indicator of the extent of the artistry that went into the creation and the decoration of a fine sword.¹ Sadly, we do not know the circumstances in which the pommel – which dates back to the late 8th century – was found, but this piece from Anglo-Saxon England shows the blend between art and function present on these weapons, and also establishes a cultural connection between Anglo-Saxon England and Scandinavia, perhaps even before the first viking raids were launched.

Most clearly evident, the silver-gilt plating indicates weapon of particularly high status. Furthermore, evidence of significant wear and tear of both the gilding and the silver, indicates that the pommel was not strictly decorative and indeed was put to repeated and practical use throughout its life.²

The intricate decoration on the main part of panel reflects not only the artistic effort put into the weapon but also a connection between Anglo-Saxon and Norse art styles, even at such an early point.³ On a related note, that the pommel came detached from the body of the sword might indicate that it was seen as somewhat of a personal artistic touch that could be removed and replaced if the sword found a new owner. This is reflected in the famous Staffordshire Hoard, which is positively littered with similar stripped weapon fittings.

This pommel illustrates that weapons during the Viking Age could themselves be decorated and prestigious objects. Despite – or perhaps, because – of their frequent military use, the best weapons were richly decorated, perhaps with designs that even had personal significance. And furthermore, these artistic embellishments were found not on ornamental weapons, but those that were consistently used in actual warfare.

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