Thanks for your patience during our recent outage at scalar.usc.edu. While Scalar content is loading normally now, saving is still slow, and Scalar's 'additional metadata' features have been disabled, which may interfere with features like timelines and maps that depend on metadata. This also means that saving a page or media item will remove its additional metadata. If this occurs, you can use the 'All versions' link at the bottom of the page to restore the earlier version. We are continuing to troubleshoot, and will provide further updates as needed. Note that this only affects Scalar projects at scalar.usc.edu, and not those hosted elsewhere.
The Misogyny of WitchcraftMain MenuIntroductionHeinrich Kramer (1430-1505) and Malleus MalleficarumMalleus Maleficarum and MisogynyA noble science?Witchcraft and mental illnessList of works in the exhibitionFurther readingSue Luftscheinc3da4f338cfb5c3d980919bd84c8fb083c380bd6
The beginning of the end
12022-09-28T15:18:06-07:00Sue Luftscheinc3da4f338cfb5c3d980919bd84c8fb083c380bd64140110plain12183712025-01-09T12:41:56-08:00Sue Luftscheinc3da4f338cfb5c3d980919bd84c8fb083c380bd6By the end of the 17th century, the zealotry over witch trials was starting to come under scrutiny. In addition, the beginning of the Enlightenment saw an increasing number of writers presenting arguments not only against witch trials, but also against the validity of witchcraft, and witchcraft as heresy. Many of these writers were responding to the instances of mass executions that resulted from panics about witchcraft. Some of these events had led to judicial reforms in parts of Europe, which in many ways can be viewed as the beginning of the decline in witch trials.