Amanda Sopchockchai, Class of 2027, College of the Holy Cross

Berentsen, W. H. , Sheehan, . James J. , Schleunes, . Karl A. , Duggan, . Lawrence G. , Turner, . Henry Ashby , Bayley, . Charles Calvert , Strauss, . Gerald , Leyser, . K.J. , Elkins, . Thomas Henry , Hamerow, . Theodore S. , Heather, . Peter John , Kirby, . George Hall , Wallace-Hadrill, . John Michael , Barkin, . Kenneth and Geary, . Patrick J.. "Germany." Encyclopedia Britannica, February 28, 2024. https://www.britannica.com/place/Germany.

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. "pageant." Encyclopedia Britannica, November 18, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/art/pageant.

Cartwright, Mark. 2018. “Medieval Tournament.” World History Encyclopedia. May 7, 2018. https://www.worldhistory.org/Medieval_Tournament/.

“Kingdom of Germany.” 2022. Wikipedia. October 21, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany.

“Knightly Pollaxe.” 2019. Arms & Armor. December 16, 2019. https://www.arms-n-armor.com/blogs/news/knightly-pole-axe#:~:text=Ours%20is%20composed%20of%20eleven.

Marek, Lech. “Duel to the Death? The Emblematic Decoration of Fifteenth Century Pole Hammers.” Arms & Armour 19, no. 2 (November 2022): 118–45. doi:10.1080/17416124.2022.2139880.

Medieval Combat in Colour by Hans Talhoffer - A section of this color-print book illustrates how the pollaxe was used in battle and seems to use the word “binding” for certain maneuvers, which I still need to further research. (The term seems to refer to lasting blade-on-blade contact.)

Medievalists.net. 2015. “Ponderous, Cruel and Mortal: A Review of Medieval Poleaxe Technique from Surviving Treatises of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries.” Medievalists.net. November 17, 2015. https://www.medievalists.net/2015/11/ponderous-cruel-and-mortal-a-review-of-medieval-poleaxe-technique-from-surviving-treatises-of-the-fourteenth-and-fifteenth-centuries/.

“Pollaxe | French, Burgundy.” n.d. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Accessed February 29, 2024. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/26720.

“Pollaxe.” n.d. Worcester.emuseum.com. Accessed February 29, 2024. https://worcester.emuseum.com/objects/47958/pollaxe?ctx=ecc4f7a87c169220c67c7e0eeaac88658acbc63c&idx=0.

“Poleaxe.” 2021. Wikipedia. October 11, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poleaxe.

“Quarterstaff.” 2024. Wikipedia. February 9, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarterstaff.

Smith, Kay, and Ruth R. Brown. “TO STRIKE ‘THE BRAINS OUT OF HIS HEAD’: THE POLLAXE.” Medieval Warfare 9, no. 4 (2019): 38–39. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48637220.

Stokstad, Marilyn, and Michael Cothren. Art History. Sixth ed.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2018. Volume I.

2020. Metmuseum.org. 2020. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/dect/hd_dect.htm.