The Brownsville AffairMain MenuThe 25th Infantry RegimentBrownsville, TexasAugust 1906Roosevelt's ResponsePunishment and its AftermathThe Legacy of the Brownsville AffairMedia coveragethe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
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1media/ft snelling.png2020-07-04T12:06:54-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c383764312structured_gallery2020-09-14T12:44:25-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
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1media/bg.jpg2020-07-04T12:14:45-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Exhibit navigationthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula14visual_path2020-09-08T15:17:47-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
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1media/ft brown 2.png2020-09-14T08:24:36-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Map of Fort Brown, 18467plain2020-09-14T08:36:44-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/willis_thumb.jpg2020-07-04T11:12:16-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Dorsie Willis, 19745Minneapolis: It was a smiling 87-year-old Dorsie Willis that talked to reporters, 1/10, after he received a check for $25,000 from the U.S. Government for being the sole survivor of the Brownsville Massacre. In 1906, Willis and 166 other black soldiers were dishonorably discharged from the Army following a racial incident. Early last year the secretary of the Army ordered all of the discharges changed to honorable. 'I'm very grateful (for the check),' said Willis. 'It's a great birthday present. But it comes too many years too late.'media/willis.jpgplain2020-08-08T10:35:00-07:00Chapman University Digital Commonsthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/steward_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:48:55-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Chaplain T. G. Steward4Chaplain Theophilus Steward, the only Black officer in the 25th Infantry, was extremely wary of his regiment’s new assignment. In a letter to the regiment’s adjutant, Steward wrote: Texas, I fear, means a quasi battle ground for the Twenty-fifth Infantry.media/steward.pngplain2020-08-03T12:18:29-07:00"Fifty Years in the Gospel Ministry from 1864 to 1914. Twenty-seven Years in the Pastorate; Sixteen Years' Active Service as Chaplain in the U. S. Army; Seven Years Professor in Wilberforce University; Two Trips to Europe; A Trip in Mexico," by Chaplain T. G. Stewardthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/25th msla_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:46:02-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c3825th Infantry at Fort Missoula, circa 19004media/25th msla.pngplain2020-07-04T13:36:29-07:00Mansfield Library Archives and Special Collections, University of Montanathe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/cuba_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:45:19-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38"Some of our brave colored boys who helped to free Cuba"325th Infantry veterans of the Spanish American War, 1899media/cuba.pngplain2020-07-05T11:34:29-07:00J.F. Jarvis, 1899; retrieved from the Library of Congressthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/poster_thumb.png2020-07-04T11:07:01-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Political poster, circa 19063media/poster.pngplain2020-09-14T09:06:31-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/harpers_thumb.png2020-07-04T11:05:49-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Harper's Weekly, January 12, 19073media/harpers.pngplain2020-07-04T11:06:04-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/ft keogh_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:47:41-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Buffalo soldiers of the 25th Infantry, some wearing buffalo robes, Ft. Keogh, Montana3media/ft keogh.pngplain2020-08-03T12:13:20-07:00Chr. Barthelmess, 1890; retrieved from the Library of Congressthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/ft shaw_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:43:17-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Company B, 25th Infantry, Fort Shaw, Montana, 18883media/ft shaw.pngplain2020-08-08T10:32:05-07:00History of the Twenty-fifth Regiment, United States Infantry, 1869-1926 , by John Nankivellthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/baseball_thumb.png2020-07-04T11:04:48-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Sergeant Mingo Sanders (center), with the Fort Missoula baseball team2media/baseball.pngplain2020-07-04T12:58:56-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/ft-brown.jpg2020-09-14T12:43:10-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Map of Fort Brown and Brownsville, 18772plain2020-09-14T12:45:33-07:00Courtesy of the Library of Congressthe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/img194_thumb.jpg2020-07-04T10:44:41-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c3825th Infantry Bicycle corps, 18962media/img194.jpgplain2020-07-04T13:28:47-07:00HMFM permanent collectionHistorical Museum at Fort Missoulathe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/canvas_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:43:54-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Group of soldiers from Fort Missoula, circa 19002media/canvas.pngplain2020-07-04T13:38:23-07:00Mansfield Library Archives and Special Collections, University of Montanathe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/msla_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:46:32-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Departure of the 25th Infantry from Fort Missoula, 18982media/msla.pngplain2020-07-05T10:59:27-07:00Mansfield Library Archives and Special Collections, University of Montanathe Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/ft snelling_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:47:16-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Company B of the 25th Infantry at Fort Snelling, MN, 18832media/ft snelling.pngplain2020-07-05T11:11:55-07:00"History of the Twenty-fifth Regiment, United States Infantry, 1869-1926" John Nankivell, p38the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/foraker_thumb.png2020-07-04T11:04:14-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Senator Joseph Foraker, 19081Senator Foraker was primarily a friend to big businesses, and a supporter of de regulation and laissez faire economics. However, he insisted to his death that his championing of the Brownsville soldiers, although prompted by political interests, was a fight to see justice done. His continued efforts to reverse the President’s decision, long after his allies in congress had abandoned him, supports his words.media/foraker.pngplain2020-07-04T11:04:14-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/depot_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:49:26-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Brownsville passenger depot, 19071media/depot.pngplain2020-07-04T10:49:26-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/elizabeth st_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:50:54-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Postcard of Brownsville, c.19081media/elizabeth st.pngplain2020-07-04T10:50:54-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/springfield_thumb.png2020-07-04T10:52:50-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Springfield 1903 rifle1The Springfield Model 1903 rifle had been officially adopted by the Army in 1903, and was not available to civilians. Many citizens of Brownsville later swore they had heard shots from Springfield rifles the night of August 13th . Veteran soldiers swore equally firmly that the shots were fired by Winchester rifles and six shooter pistols, owned by many of the citizens of Brownsville.media/springfield.pngplain2020-07-04T10:52:50-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/sanders_thumb.png2020-07-04T11:03:06-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Sergeant Mingo Sanders, Fort Missoula, 18951Sergeant Mingo Sanders was only two years from retirement in 1906. He travelled to Washington DC to appeal his discharge. Sanders’ record, which included service in Cuba, was spotless. Although he was unsuccessful, he became the face of the wronged soldiers, and garnered a great deal of public sympathy.media/sanders.pngplain2020-07-04T11:03:06-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38
1media/1024px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Cameron_County.svg_thumb.png2020-09-14T08:56:39-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38Map of Texas indicating Brownsville1media/1024px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Cameron_County.svg.pngplain2020-09-14T08:56:39-07:00the Historical Museum at Fort Missoula2ed0a4c76b15fe2d208dedaebb1fcaaa8b4d9c38