Politically, many advances were made for women due to second-wave feminism. Women were included in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act which prohibited discrimination based on gender and race in the workplace. A lack of commitment to Title VII, however, spurred on the creation of NOW (National Organization for Women). NOW was founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan. This organization campaigned “against sex discrimination” as the “US Equal Opportunity Commission” failed in their response to issues and appeals for equal rights (Nally 282). Second-wave feminism also saw the passage of Title IX, which withdrew federal funding from educational institutions that discriminated against women. This ruling influenced the integration of many colleges and universities during the 1970s, including the integration of Notre Dame.