Looking Backward: An Exhibit of Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward

Boston 1887

In describing the relations of the rich and poor of Boston 1887, how the two coincided in the society, he employs a most striking allegory: The Stagecoach Allegory. 
 

"By way of attempting to give the reader some general impression of the way people lived together in those days, and especially of the relations of the rich and poor to one another, perhaps i cannot do better than to compare society as it then was to a prodigious coach which the masses of humanity were harnessed to and dragged tollsomely along a very hilly and sandy road.  The driver was hunger, and permitted no lagging, though the pace was necessarily very slow.  Despite the difficulty of drawing the coach at all along so hard a road, the top was covered with passengers who never got down, even at the steepest ascents.  These seats on top were very breezy and comfortable.  Well up out of the dust, their occupants could enjoy the scenery at their leisure, or critically discuss the merits of the straining team.  Naturally such places were in great demand and the competition for them was keen, every one seeking as the first end in life to secure a seat on the coach for himself and to leave it to his child after him.  By the rule of the coach a man could leave his seat to whom he wished, but on the other hand there were many accidents by which it might at any time be wholly lost.  For all that they were so easy, the seats were very insecure, and at every sudden jolt of the coach persons were slipping out of them and falling to the ground, where they were instantly compelled to take hold of the rope and help to drag the coach on which they had before ridden so pleasantly.  it was naturally regarded as a terrible misfortune to lose one's seat, and the apprehension that this might happen to them or their friends was a constant cloud upon the happiness of those who rode." - Bellamy (pg 6)

The relations of the rich and the poor are tenuous, and a real rift has formed regarding capital.  While the rich continue to get richer, the poor working man finds it increasingly difficult to survive, much less climb the social ladder in any way.  To make matters worse, the individual worker had very little power, and faced long hours with meager pay with unsafe working conditions.  There was not much the individual could do for themselves against the wealthy corporations, and tensions continued to rise until they reached a point of instability and something had to be done.  The became known as "The Labor Problem."

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  1. Boston 1887 Evan Ratermann
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