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Lewis versus Howat: An Analysis of Labor Rhetoric, Education, and Class Privilege in Early Twentieth Century Mining Politics Main Menu The Project: Maxwell, Lewis, and Howat United Mine Workers of America Unions A map of UMWA Unions and their District locations. History of the UMWA Who was Hearl Maxwell? A brief biography of the life of Hearl Maxwell, the southeast Kansas miner who collected the information used in this project. Who was Alexander Howat? A brief biography detailing the life of Alexander Howat. Who was John L. Lewis? A brief biography detailing the life of John L. Lewis. Lewis versus Howat An overview of the source of conflict between Lewis and Howat. Lewis versus Howat: A Timeline A timeline detailing all documents from the Hearl Maxwell Collection that related to the dispute between John L. Lewis and Alexander Howat. Lewis versus Howat: Political Action Howat answers President John L. Lewis, circa 1925 The main themes in Howat’s reply to Lewis. Formality in Writing Labor Rhetoric and Class Hierarchy Howat and Lewis at a Convention, circa 1922 Education's Role in Rhetoric, Class, and Privilege Conclusion

Works Cited and Consulted

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Caccia, Lew. “Workplace Risk Communication: A Look at Literate Practice within Rhetorical Frameworks.” Who Says?: Working-Class Rhetoric, Class Consciousness, and Community. Ed. William Degenaro. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2007. 164-179. Print.
 
Catano, James V. “Articulating the Values of Labor and Laboring: Civic Rhetoric and Heritage Tourism.” Who Says?: Working-Class Rhetoric, Class Consciousness, and Community. Ed. William Degenaro. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2007. 11-31. Print.
 
Hearl Maxwell Collection
Hearl Maxwell Collection. Pittsburg State University Archives and Special Collections, Leonard H. Ax Library, Pittsburg, KS. 18 April 2016.
 
Hevener, John W. "Alexander Howat" in Gary M. Fink (ed.), Biographical Dictionary of American Labor. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1984; pp. 305-306.
 
Hoover, Judith D. “Miner's Starve, Idle or Working: Working Class Rhetoric of the Early Twentieth Century.” Who Says?: Working-Class Rhetoric, Class Consciousness, and Community. Ed. William Degenaro. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2007. 32-46. Print.
 
“John L. Lewis (1880-1969).” AFL-CIO. American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations. Web. 21 April 2016.
 
“John L. Lewis: American labour leader.” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., Web. 21 April 2016.
 
“John L. Lewis.” umwa. United Mine Workers of America. Web. 21 April 2016.
 
Marcus, Irwin M., Eileen Mountjoy, and Beth O'Leary. “The Coal Strike of 1919 in Indiana County and its Aftermath.” Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Web. 26 April 2016.
 
Park, David. “Centralia Mine Disaster.” Encyclopedia Online. Cengage Learning. Web. 26 April 2016.
 
Roberts, Randy. “Alexander Howat, the Industrial Court Law, and the ‘Amazon Army.’” franklinkansas. Franklin, KS. Web. 21 April 2016.
 
Roberts, Randy. "Alexander Howat, the Industrial Court Law, and the 'Amazon Army.' Leonard Axe Library, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas.
 
Von Stroh, Gordon E. Kansas Industrial Relations Act of 1920. MA thesis. Southwestern College, 1963. Winfield, KS, 1963. Online. 26 April 2016.

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