List of Figures:

1.1 Income from Underground Conveniences 1916-1928

1.2 Income and Expenditure from Underground Conveniences 1917-1920

1.3 Conveniences Income 1916-1950

1.4 Income from Undergrounds/Princes Street Restroom comparison with New Rest Rooms, Athenaeum, 1950

1.5 Wage increases for Female Convenience and Rest Room Attendants

1.6 1968 Dunedin Convenience Survey

List of Illustrations:

2.1  Manor Place toilet, built 1912 in 2018, Source: Channel 39 News

2.2 London Street Undergrounds, 1919, City Engineers Subject Correspondence, Volume 18, 1918-2.3 1922, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.3 Virtual Reality Tour – render of the Men’s Octagon Undergrounds, by Michael Findlay, 2018

2.4 Public using virtual reality headset to travel through the 1909 Octagon undergrounds at Dunedin Vogel Street Party community event, 2019

2.5 Jetty Street Public Convenience 1908, Subject Photos 57/34/1, Toitū Otago Settlers Museum collection

2.6 The Triangle (now Queens Gardens) in 1887, showing a brick urinal, Dunedin, Burton Brothers Studio, Te Papa (C.012504)

2.7 Deputation from Knox Church Deacons Court, Town Clerk 33 Correspondence 1906 Works L/1, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.8 Mr Richard Richards, City of Sydney Website

2.9 Octagon Undergrounds Plans 1909, Plan 4427, City Engineers, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.10 Fixtures still in place at Manor Place Urinal, Dunedin 2019, Authors collection

2.11 Manor Place urinals interior, 2017, Authors collection

2.12  Virtual Rendering of the interior of Octagon Undergrounds, by Michael Findlay

2.13  Octagon Undergrounds, Ladies Entrance 1919, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.14 Octagon Undergrounds, Gentlemen’s Entrance 1919, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.15 Customhouse Square Undergrounds, 1919, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.16 London Street Underground Conveniences, City Engineers Series, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.17  London Street Underground Conveniences Plan, City Engineers Series, CE 14/2/2b, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.18 Custom House Square 1911, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.19  King Edward Street Conveniences, 1919, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.20  Manor Place Convenience Plans, 1912, City Engineers 14/2/2/b, Dunedin City Council Archives, 

2.21  Manor Place urinals, City Engineers Correspondence, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.22  Application for employment 1910, Town Clerk Correspondence (TC33), Dunedin City Council Archives

2.22.1 Brown and Ewing & Co Store, Princes Street, 1879, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.23  Detail of Ladies side of Octagon Undergrounds, City Engineers Plan 14/2/2b, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.24  Details of Rest Room Services, Town Clerk 33 Correspondence (TC33), Gen W/2, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.25  Rest Room - George Street Rest Room Hours, Town Clerk 33 Correspondence (TC33), Gen W/2, Letter 8200B, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.26  Women's Rest Room, Evening Star, Issue 23870, 28 April 1941

2.27  The Exchange, 1949, PAColl-8163-60 Alex Turnbull Library Collections

2.28  Crawford Street Semi-Underground Conveniences, Otago Daily Times files

2.29 Proposed Women's Rest Room - Frederick Street, Town Clerk Correspondence (TC33), 1955, Gen, W/2/11, Plan 891, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.30  List of organisations who signed letter, Town Clerk Correspondence, (TC 33), Dunedin City Council Archives

2.31  The Octagon 1947, showing the underground conveniences and the Athenaeum behind the Monument, Authors collection

2.32  New Women’s Rest Rooms, 29 August 1950, Otago Daily Times, Issue 27480

2.33  Closing of Women's Rest Rooms and Convenience, Town Clerk 33 Correspondence, Gen W/2, 1950, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.34 Ladies Undergrounds, Octagon, 1919, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.35  Pix Café site, Bond Street, Photo 305/3, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.36  Proposed Male and Female Conveniences, Bond Street, Building Permit 4746, 1960, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.37  Pix Cafe site, Bond Street, Photo 305/1, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.38  Dowling Street men’s toilets, 1969 showing new stainless style of interior, City Architects Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.39  A Grovette – Cargill’s Lament, Sextext music 1961, University of Otago Hocken Collections, MS3696/001

2.40  The Exchange 1971, Archives New Zealand

2.41  Interior of substation in old London Street underground convenience site, 2018

2.42  North End Dealers and Proposed Frederick Men's Convenience, Town Clerk 33 Correspondence (TC33) 1963, GEN C/2, 5603, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.43  Frederick Street Proposed Men's Conveniences, Town Clerk Correspondence 33 (TCC 33), Dunedin City Council Archives

2.44  Frederick Street toilets, 1975, City Architects Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.45 Remodelling of Octagon undergrounds 1965, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.46 City Engineers Plan 7/1/26 Remodelling of Octagon undergrounds 1965, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.47 The Octagon showing the Star Fountain and underground men’s conveniences, Hocken Collections

2.48 Botanic Garden toilets, Architect Series Album 'Parks and Rec 2' 1967, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.49 Nairn Street toilets, City Architects Street Furniture Album, 1970s, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.50 Suburban Sydney Street toilets, City Architects Street Furniture Album, 1970s, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.51 Women’s toilets, Dowling Street, c1986, City Architects, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.52 The Exchange 1965, Box A, Photo 34/b, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.53 New Broadway alignment being constructed c1970, City Engineers Photo Album 7, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.54 Princes Street showing Stock Exchange Building has been demolished and John Wickliffe House is being constructed, c1970, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.55 Closure of the Bond Street toilets, Evening Star, 7 January 1969

2.56 Construction of Dowling Street/High Street toilets, 1969, City Architects, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.57 Interior of refurbished men’s toilet, Dowling Street, c1986

2.58 Frederick Street women’s toilets, 1975, City Architect’s Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.59 Dowling Street men’s toilets, 1986 showing new stainless style of interior, City Architects Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.60 Manor Place urinals covered in ivy c1973, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.61 Manor Place urinal, 2019, taken by Alison Breese

2.62 Interior of St Clair urinal showing Graffiti, c1986, City Architect’s Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.63 St Clair toilets, c1986, City Architect’s Album, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.64 Provision of Public Toilets Report Map, 15 October 1987, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.65 Dowling Street Women’s toilets, City Architects Album Toilets Volume 1, Dunedin City Council Archives

2.66 The Exchange, Dunedin. Tourist and Publicity, Ref: 1/1-006149-F, Alexander Turnbull Library

2.67 Custom House Square Undergrounds, 1919, City Engineers Subject Correspondence, Volume 18, 1918- 1922, Dunedin City Council Archives

List of Maps:

3.1 Intersection showing Frederick Street sites of public facilities, 1961

3.2 Interactive GIS Map – Dunedin Public Conveniences

3.3 Octagon Map

Media files:

4.1 1912 Dunedin Scene, The Exchange, Nga Taonga Collection

4.2 Manor Place Convenience Interior video, Alison Breese

4.3 Virtual Reality Tour of the Octagon Underground Conveniences, Michael Findlay, Mitchell Briggs, Otago Polytechnic

4.4 Timeline of Public Conveniences