Digital Exhibits: Ancient Art 203

Representations of the Minotaur and His Story in History

Looking back in history, there is a well-known myth about a creature who was born half man, half bull. Greek Mythology describes the creature as having the body of a man but with the head of a bull. How this came about was described that King Minos of Crete prayed to Poseidon to send him a snow-white bull and then was to sacrifice him for the sea god to show honor to the deity. But upon seeing the beautiful bull, King Minos refused to move forward with the sacrifice and kept it because of being amazed by such a magnificent bull, thinking Poseidon would not care and sacrificed one of his own, average bulls. Having angered the sea god, Poseidon made Queen Pasiphae, King Minos' wife, fall deep in love with the bull. She ordered one of her craftsmen to create a hollow wooden cow, decorated it to look realistic, and climbed inside it in order to mate with it when attracting the bull. This resulted in the creation of the abomination. With having beast-like tendencies, the offspring grew up with rage and devoured human beings for sustanance. After King Minos seeked advise from an oracle, he was advised to create a giant labyrinth to hold the creature near the Palace in Knossos. After the death of King Minos' son, the king ordered that the people of Athens chose 14 nobles of 7 young men and 7 young women to be eaten by the Minotaur as a way to repay for his son's death every couple years. Even if not eaten by the creature, the sacrificial victims would die in the maze while trying to find their way out. It is said that Thesus volunteered to join the third group, killed the monster, and lead the victims out of the maze and into safety. Understanding the myth is key when looking at Ancient Greek Art. This story is portrayed among varies sculptures, paintings, and pottery because it was very relevant to the people and culture. 













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