"1992 Los Angeles riots." Last modified November 1, 2024. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992_Los_Angeles_riots.

Alridge, Derrick P., and James B. Stewart. 2005. “Introduction: Hip Hop in History: Past, Present, and Future.” The Journal of African American History 90, (3): 190–95. https://doi.org/10.1086/JAAHv90n3p190.

Early, Gerald., and Ingrid Monson. 2019. “Why Jazz Still Matters.” Daedalus 148 (2): 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01738.

Graham, Natalie. 2017. “What Slaves We Are.” Transition (122): 123–32. https://doi.org/10.2979/transition.122.1.18.

Haley, Alex, writer. 1977. Roots. Season 1, episode 1, “Part I” Wolper Productions, January 23. TV Show. Youtube, 97 min., 7 sec. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0MOGg8Pka8.

Hart, Rachel. 2019. “Man Down: The Evolution of Masculinity and Mental Health Narratives in Rap Music.” reinvention 12 (1): 1-17. https://reinventionjournal.org/index.php/reinvention/article/view/430.

"i (Album Version) Lyrics." Accessed September 23, 2024. Genius. https://genius.com/Kendrick-lamar-i-album-version-lyrics.

Itzkovitz, Daniel. 2013. "Lincoln and the Radicals." Transition (112): 78-98. https://doi.org/10.2979/transition.112.78. 

Jenkins, Craig. 20015. "Kendrick Lamar: To Pimp a Butterfly Album review." Pitchfork, March 19. https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/20390-to-pimp-a-butterfly/.

Johnson, Robert. 2022. “How Compton Became a Citadel of Black Political Power.” PBS SoCal, February 3. https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/artbound/when-compton-was-a-citadel-of-black-political-power.

"Kendrick Lamar." Last modified October 31, 2024. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar.

Kitty, Empire. 2015. "Kendrick Lamar: To Pimp a Butterfly Review - Fearless in Its Scope." The Guardian, March 22. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/mar/22/kendrick-lamar-to-pimp-butterfly-review-fearless-in-scope.

Lamar, Kendrick. 2015. "Kendrick Lamar: 'I Can't Change The World Until I Change Myself First.'" Interview by Leila Fadel. Morning Edition, NPR Music, December 29. Audio 7:18. https://www.npr.org/2015/12/29/461129966/kendrick-lamar-i-cant-change-the-world-until-i-change-myself-first.

Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. n.d. “Department Crime Statistics 1960-2012.” Accessed November 4, 2024. https://file.lacounty.gov/SDSInter/lasd/189076_LASD-Stats1960-2012.pdf.

Limbong, Andrew. 2019. "Both Party And Protest, 'Alright' Is The Sound Of Black Life's Duality.'" Interview by Noel King. Morning Edition, NPR Music, August 26. Audio 7:19. https://www.npr.org/2019/08/26/753511135/kendrick-lamar-alright-american-anthem-party-protest.

"List of awards and nominations received by Kendrick Lamar." Last modified October 18, 2024. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_Pimp_a_Butterfly.

Masterclass Authors. 2022. "Jazz Rap Overview: 4 Notable Jazz Rap Artists." Masterclass, May 2. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/jazz-rap.

McWilliams, John C.. 2018. "Of Bucks, Butterflies, and Black Lives: An Analysis of Kendrick Lamar's To Pimp a Butterfly." B.A. thesis, Bates College.

Moore, Marcus J.. 2020. The Butterfly Effect : How Kendrick Lamar Ignited the Soul of Black America. New York: Atria Books.

Perchard, Tom. 2011. "Hip Hop Samples Jazz: Dynamics of Cultural Memo y and Musical Tradition in the African American 1990s." American Music 29 (3): 277-307. https://doi.org/10.5406/americanmusic.29.3.0277.

Solis, Gabriel. 2019. “Soul, Afrofuturism & the Timeliness of Contemporary Jazz Fusions.” Daedalus 148 (2): 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01740.

"To Pimp a Butterfly." Last modified November 6, 2024. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_Pimp_a_Butterfly.

Tse, Carman. 2015. “How Compton Became The Violent City Of 'Straight Outta Compton'.” LAist, August 13. https://laist.com/news/entertainment/city-of-compton. 

"u Lyrics." Accessed September 23, 2024. Genius. https://genius.com/Kendrick-lamar-u-lyrics.

“Why To Pimp A Butterfly Is The Greatest Album Ever Made.” 2020. Video. Posted October 14, 2020 by Dev'l. YouTube, 34 min. 13 sec. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrnxK0yIGL0.