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• 1 2022-10-20T15:53:43-07:00 MS C189 Front Flyleaf 18 plain 2022-12-10T13:10:29-08:00
  Front Flyleaf
  Text: John 6:1-14
  Country: Italy?
  Language: Latin
  Assigned Date: s. XII
  Date: c. 1150
  Searchable Date Range: 1100-1150
  Script: Late Caroline miniscule, Praegothica
  Music: Neumes on a red, 1-line staff
  Other Decoration: 
  • Section titles in red
  • Red initials
  • Red staff lines
  • Part of a large strapwork initial in brown ink, decorated in red
  Number of texts: 1
  Description: 
  • Parchment - 300 x 210 mm - 2 columns from 32-34 lines, ruled in drypoint; 1 line of text accompanying each line of music
  • Breviary, noted
  • Antiphonary
  The parchment folio used for the front flyleaves likely comes from a repurposed antiphonary, dated to the first half of the twelfth century.
  Condition:
  • The upper margin of the leaf (now the outer edge of the first front flyleaf) is trimmed, with at least two lines of text lost. 
  • Outer and inner margins of the leaf are trimmed, with some text lost on the outer margin (now the tail-edge). 
  John 6:1-14 and the following chants: 
  "Tunc acceptabis sacrificium justitiae si averteris faciem tuam" [Cantus ID: 005236]; "Aperiam in parabolis os meum loquar propositiones" [Cantus ID: g01030b]; "Adduxi vos per desertum quadraginta annos" [Cantus ID: 006030]; "Adduxit eos dominus in fortitudine magna cibavit" [Cantus ID: 006032].
  
  John 6:1-14 Douay-Rheims Bible (DRB) translation:

  [1] After these things Jesus went over the sea of Galilee, which is that of Tiberias. [2] And a great multitude followed him, because they saw the miracles which he did on them that were diseased. [3] Jesus therefore went up into a mountain, and there he sat with his disciples. [4] Now the pasch, the festival day of the Jews, was near at hand. [5] When Jesus therefore had lifted up his eyes, and seen that a very great multitude cometh to him, he said to Philip: Whence shall we buy bread, that these may eat?
  [6] And this he said to try him; for he himself knew what he would do. [7] Philip answered him: Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one may take a little. [8] One of his disciples, Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, saith to him: [9] There is a boy here that hath five barley loaves, and two fishes; but what are these among so many? [10] Then Jesus said: Make the men sit down. Now there was much grass in the place. The men therefore sat down, in number about five thousand.
  [11] And Jesus took the loaves: and when he had given thanks, he distributed to them that were set down. In like manner also of the fishes, as much as they would. [12] And when they were filled, he said to his disciples: Gather up the fragments that remain, lest they be lost. [13] They gathered up therefore, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves, which remained over and above to them that had eaten. [14] Now those men, when they had seen what a miracle Jesus had done, said: This is of a truth the prophet, that is to come into the world.

• 1 media/MS_C189_front_cover_010.jpg 2022-10-20T14:00:59-07:00 MS C189 8 plain 1252053 2022-10-21T10:30:06-07:00
  Binding
  Country: France? 
  Language: Latin
  Assigned Date: s. XII
  Searchable Date Range: 1100 - 1199
  Script: Caroline minuscule
  Number of texts: 1
  Description: 
  •  Parchment - 325 x 213 mm - 2 columns of at least 35 lines; ruled in hardpoint
  • Religious text
   
  Medieval Recycling
  During the middle ages, manuscript pages were made from parchment, or in some cases vellum. Parchment is a writing surface made from stretched sheep or goatskin, whereas vellum is made from calfskin. Vellum is a smooth, even writing surface that surpasses parchment in both quality and cost. Parchment is sturdy but it is also difficult and costly to produce. Older manuscripts were sometimes recycled for the production of new books. A scraping device such as pumice was commonly used to erase text and reuse pages, this creates what is known as a palimpsest. Occasionally, the bindery would use manuscript fragments for a book spine. In some cases, old manuscript leaves were cut and folded to fit the cover of a new book.  
   
  Don’t judge a book by its cover
  The cover, the front flyleaves and the back flyleaves of MS C189 are made up of parchment leaves from three different manuscripts. This manuscript is placed inside fragments of two manuscripts and then wrapped with a third one. Parchment was folded in half to produce a limp binding, this is known as a bifolium. Two folios (singular pages) were folded in half to form flyleaves at the front and back of the manuscript. Flyleaves act as barriers, protecting the main text from pest damage such as worming. 
  
  The parchment cover is attached to the book block by exposed leather split laces. The split laces exit through single slits and each lace returns through two separate slits to create a V shape. The split laces are mostly intact. All edges of the cover are large enough to allow for turn-ins. The upper margin of the bifolium was trimmed to form what is now the fore-edge turn-in for the front cover. The cover has lapped miters; the fore-edge turn-ins lie on top of the head and tail turn-ins at the corner of the miters.
• 1 2022-10-21T11:02:36-07:00 MS C189 Introduction 7 plain 2022-12-10T12:56:07-08:00 Medieval Recycling
  
  During the middle ages, manuscript pages were made from parchment, or in some cases vellum. Parchment is a writing surface made from stretched sheep or goatskin, whereas vellum is made from calfskin. Vellum is a smooth, even writing surface that surpasses parchment in both quality and cost. Parchment is sturdy but it is also difficult and costly to produce. Older manuscripts were sometimes recycled for the production of new books. A scraping device such as pumice was commonly used to erase text and reuse pages, this creates what is known as a palimpsest. Occasionally, bookbinders used fragments of manuscripts as book spines. In some cases, old manuscript leaves were cut and folded to fit the cover of a new book.  
  
  Don’t judge a book by its cover
  
  The cover, the front flyleaves and the back flyleaves of MS C189 are made up of parchment leaves from three different manuscripts. This manuscript is placed inside fragments of two manuscripts and then wrapped with a third one. Parchment was folded in half to produce a limp binding, this is known as a bifolium. Two folios (singular pages) were folded in half to form flyleaves at the front and back of the manuscript. Flyleaves act as barriers, protecting the main text from pest damage such as worming. 
  
  The parchment cover is attached to the book block by exposed leather split laces. The split laces exit through single slits and each lace returns through two separate slits to create a V shape. The split laces are mostly intact. All edges of the cover are large enough to allow for turn-ins. The upper margin of the bifolium was trimmed to form what is now the fore-edge turn-in for the front cover. The cover has lapped miters; the fore-edge turn-ins lie on top of the head and tail turn-ins at the corner of the miters.